Arctic organic aerosol measurements show particles from mixed combustion in spring haze and from frost flowers in winter
Arctic organic aerosol measurements show particles from mixed combustion in spring haze and from frost flowers in winter
复制标题
北极有机气溶胶测量显示春季薄雾中混合燃烧和冬季霜花中产生的颗粒
DOI：
10.1029/2010gl042831
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
P. Quinn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Shaw;L. Russell;A. Jefferson;P. Quinn
2008年3月1日至2009年3月1日，在阿拉斯加州的巴罗收集了亚微米大气气溶胶颗粒，以表征北极气溶胶中的有机物质（OM）。有机官能团浓度和痕量金属用FTIR测量在Teflon过滤器上收集的亚微米颗粒。有机质的变化范围从夏季的0.07 μg m−3到冬季的0.43 μg m−3，再到春季的0.35 μg m−3，表明有机质的组成在春季和冬季之间有一个过渡。春季大部分有机物可归因于人为来源，主要由烷烃和羧酸官能团组成，并与工业污染，生物质燃烧和航运排放的元素示踪剂相关。PMF分析将OM与两个因子相关联，即混合燃烧因子（MCF）和海洋衍生因子（ODF）。反向轨迹分析显示，MCF的最高分数与来自东北亚和白令海峡以南航道的气团有关。ODF由有机羟基组成，与海水有机和无机组分相关。ODF占OM的55%以上，在冬季时，采样的空气质量起源沿着加拿大西北地区的沿海和湖泊地区。在海冰形成期间，由于盐水排斥而产生的具有有机盐涂层的霜花可能是在冰雪覆盖的冬季期间这种碳水化合物样OM的大量来源。虽然人为来源贡献了春季霾OM的0.3 μg m−3以上，但海洋来源的颗粒物在冬季提供了相当的OM来源。
Submicron atmospheric aerosol particles were collected between 1 March 2008 and 1 March 2009 at Barrow, Alaska, to characterize the organic mass (OM) in the Arctic aerosol. Organic functional group concentrations and trace metals were measured with FTIR on submicron particles collected on Teflon filters. The OM varied from 0.07 μg m−3 in summer to 0.43 μg m−3 in winter, and 0.35 μg m−3 in spring, showing a transition in OM composition between spring and winter. Most of the OM in spring could be attributed to anthropogenic sources, consisting primarily of alkane and carboxylic acid functional groups and correlated to elemental tracers of industrial pollution, biomass burning, and shipping emissions. PMF analysis associated OM with two factors, a Mixed Combustion factor (MCF) and an Ocean‐derived factor (ODF). Back trajectory analysis revealed that the highest fractions of the MCF were associated with air masses that had originated from northeastern Asia and the shipping lanes south of the Bering Straits. The ODF consisted of organic hydroxyl groups and correlated with organic and inorganic seawater components. The ODF accounted for more than 55% of OM in winter when the sampled air masses originated along the coastal and lake regions of the Northwest Territories of Canada. Frost flowers with organic‐salt coatings that arise by brine rejection during sea ice formation may account for this large source of carbohydrate‐like OM during the ice‐covered winter season. While the anthropogenic sources contributed more than 0.3 μg m−3 of the springtime haze OM, ocean‐derived particles provided comparable OM sources in winter.