Conserving large carnivores: dollars and fence.
Conserving large carnivores: dollars and fence.
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DOI：
10.1111/ele.12091
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发表时间：
2013-05
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
C. Packer;A. Loveridge;S. Canney;T. Caro;S. Garnett;M. Pfeifer;K. K. Zander-K.;A. Swanson;D. MacNulty;G. Balme;H. Bauer;C. Begg;K. Begg;S. Bhalla;C. Bissett;T. Bodasing;H. Brink;A. Burger;A. C. Burton;B. Clegg;S. Dell;A. Delsink;T. Dickerson;S. Dloniak;D. Druce;L. Frank;P. Funston;N. Gichohi;R. Groom;C. Hanekom;B. Heath;L. Hunter;H. H. Deiongh-H.;C. Joubert;S. Kasiki;B. Kissui;W. Knocker;B. Leathem;P. Lindsey;S. Maclennan;J. Mcnutt;S. Miller;S. Naylor;P. Nel;C. Ng’weno;K. Nicholls;J. Ogutu;E. Okot-Omoya;Bruce D. Patterson;A. Plumptre;J. Salerno;K. Skinner;R. Slotow;E. Sogbohossou;K. Stratford;C. Winterbach;H. Winterbach;S. Polasky
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Packer;A. Loveridge;S. Canney;T. Caro;S. Garnett;M. Pfeifer;K. K. Zander-K.;A. Swanson;D. MacNulty;G. Balme;H. Bauer;C. Begg;K. Begg;S. Bhalla;C. Bissett;T. Bodasing;H. Brink;A. Burger;A. C. Burton;B. Clegg;S. Dell;A. Delsink;T. Dickerson;S. Dloniak;D. Druce;L. Frank;P. Funston;N. Gichohi;R. Groom;C. Hanekom;B. Heath;L. Hunter;H. H. Deiongh-H.;C. Joubert;S. Kasiki;B. Kissui;W. Knocker;B. Leathem;P. Lindsey;S. Maclennan;J. Mcnutt;S. Miller;S. Naylor;P. Nel;C. Ng’weno;K. Nicholls;J. Ogutu;E. Okot-Omoya;Bruce D. Patterson;A. Plumptre;J. Salerno;K. Skinner;R. Slotow;E. Sogbohossou;K. Stratford;C. Winterbach;H. Winterbach;S. Polasky
自然资源保护主义者经常提倡对野生动物进行景观管理，而其他人则主张将受保护物种与人类群落进行物理隔离，但对这些替代方案的直接实证比较却很少。我们将非洲狮种群密度和种群趋势与 11 个国家 42 个地点的管理实践进行对比。围栏保护区内的狮子种群比未围栏保护区的狮子种群更接近其估计承载能力。围栏保护区可以通过每年 500 km(-2) 美元的管理预算将狮子维持在其潜在密度的 80%，而未围栏保护区的狮子需要超过 2000 km(-2) 的预算才能达到其潜在密度的一半。围栏保护区的狮子主要受到密度依赖性的限制，但非围栏保护区的狮子对周围社区的人口密度高度敏感，并且非围栏保护区的狮子经常受到与密度无关的因素的影响。未来 20 至 40 年内，近一半未围栏的狮子种群可能会下降至濒临灭绝。
Conservationists often advocate for landscape approaches to wildlife management while others argue for physical separation between protected species and human communities, but direct empirical comparisons of these alternatives are scarce. We relate African lion population densities and population trends to contrasting management practices across 42 sites in 11 countries. Lion populations in fenced reserves are significantly closer to their estimated carrying capacities than unfenced populations. Whereas fenced reserves can maintain lions at 80% of their potential densities on annual management budgets of $500 km(-2) , unfenced populations require budgets in excess of $2000 km(-2) to attain half their potential densities. Lions in fenced reserves are primarily limited by density dependence, but lions in unfenced reserves are highly sensitive to human population densities in surrounding communities, and unfenced populations are frequently subjected to density-independent factors. Nearly half the unfenced lion populations may decline to near extinction over the next 20-40 years.