GADD45A is a protective modifier of neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy.

GADD45A is a protective modifier of neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy.
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DOI:
10.1172/jci.insight.149381
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发表时间:
2021-07-08
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Höke A
Höke A
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ehmsen JT;Kawaguchi R;Kaval D;Johnson AE;Nachun D;Coppola G;Höke A

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神经源性肌肉萎缩是骨骼肌质量和功能的丧失,发生在神经损伤和失神经疾病,如肌萎缩侧索硬化症。除了在可行的情况下迅速恢复神经支配和锻炼外,目前还没有有效的策略来维持去神经支配环境下的骨骼肌质量。我们对萎缩骨骼肌中发生的基因表达变化进行了纵向分析,发现生长停滞和DNA损伤诱导的a (Gadd45a)是在去神经支配后骨骼肌中表达最早和最持续增加的基因之一。我们使用遗传小鼠模型评估了这种诱导的作用,发现缺乏GADD45A的小鼠表现出加速和加剧的神经源性肌肉萎缩,以及纤维类型识别的丧失。我们的遗传分析表明,GADD45A的诱导可能代表了对去神经支配的保护性负反馈反应,而不是像早期研究中提出的那样直接导致肌肉萎缩。建立介导这种保护作用的下游效应物及其参与的途径可能为改变肌肉萎缩的过程提供新的机会。
Neurogenic muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs with nerve injury and in denervating diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Aside from prompt restoration of innervation and exercise where feasible, there are currently no effective strategies for maintaining skeletal muscle mass in the setting of denervation. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of gene expression changes occurring in atrophying skeletal muscle and identified growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible A (Gadd45a) as a gene that shows one of the earliest and most sustained increases in expression in skeletal muscle after denervation. We evaluated the role of this induction using genetic mouse models and found that mice lacking GADD45A showed accelerated and exacerbated neurogenic muscle atrophy, as well as loss of fiber type identity. Our genetic analyses demonstrate that, rather than directly contributing to muscle atrophy as proposed in earlier studies, GADD45A induction likely represents a protective negative feedback response to denervation. Establishing the downstream effectors that mediate this protective effect and the pathways they participate in may yield new opportunities to modify the course of muscle atrophy.
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