Late Pleistocene and Holocene occurrence of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) along the coasts of Norway
Late Pleistocene and Holocene occurrence of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) along the coasts of Norway
复制标题
晚更新世和全新世弓头鲸（Balaena mysticetus）在挪威海岸出现
作者：
Ø. Wiig;L. Bachmann;A. Hufthammer
本研究旨在更好地了解北极露脊鲸（Balaena mysticetus）的起源和分布沿着挪威海岸在晚更新世/全新世。我们使用古代DNA方法鉴定了在挪威大陆沿着发现的52块大型鲸鱼骨骼的物种。线粒体控制区（CR）的核苷酸序列的变化进行了测定，并随后筛选对GenBank的物种鉴定。31个骨骼（60%）产生了针对线粒体CR的信息核苷酸序列。其中24个与弓头鲸吻合。根据形态学，另外两块骨头被确定为弓头鲸。因此，26块骨头被确定为来自弓头鲸。弓头鲸骨骼的年龄范围从15，084 cal年BP到现在，大多数骨骼的年龄超过10，000 cal年BP。我们认为，我们的研究结果表明，在海因里希体育场1的北极露脊鲸分布的变化，从非常南部的挪威海（19，000 - 14，600年BP），分布在Bølling-Allerød Interstadial达到64°N（14，600 - 12，900年BP），而在寒冷的新仙女木（12，900 - 11，700年BP）期间，该物种可能在挪威海岸沿着消失。在全新世，该物种很可能只有北方分布。目前的研究并没有提供新的知识来解决这个问题，如果北大西洋弓头鲸起源于末次冰盛期在东南大西洋的避难所或起源于太平洋。
The present study aims at an improved understanding of the origin and distribution of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) along the Norwegian coast during Late Pleistocene/Holocene. We used ancient DNA methodology to identify the species of 52 large whale bones found along the coast of the Norwegian mainland. Nucleotide sequence variation of the mitochondrial control region (CR) was determined and subsequently screened against GenBank for species identification. Thirty-one bones (60%) yielded informative nucleotide sequences for the targeted mitochondrial CR. Of these, 24 matched with bowhead whale. Two additional bones were identified to bowhead whale based on morphology. Thus, 26 of the bones were identified to be from bowhead whales. The ages of the bowhead bones ranged from 15,084 cal years BP to present, with most bones older than 10,000 cal years BP. We suggest that our results show a change in distribution of bowhead whales from the very southern Norwegian Sea in the Heinrich Stadial 1 (19,000–14,600 years BP) to a distribution reaching 64°N in the Bølling–Allerød Interstadial (14,600–12,900 years BP), while the species probably was absent along the Norwegian coast during the cold Younger Dryas (12,900–11,700 years BP). During the Holocene, the species most likely has had only a northern distribution. The present study does not contribute new knowledge to solve the question if North Atlantic bowhead whales originated from a refugium in the southeast Atlantic during the Last Glacial Maximum or originate from the Pacific.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Buckley, M.;Fraser, S.;Palsdottir, A. H.
通讯作者：
Palsdottir, A. H.