Use of selected essential oils to control aflatoxin contaminated stored cashew and detection of aflatoxin biosynthesis gene.
Use of selected essential oils to control aflatoxin contaminated stored cashew and detection of aflatoxin biosynthesis gene.
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DOI：
10.1155/2015/958192
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Al-Gahtani, Munirah F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abd El-Aziz, Abeer R M;Mahmoud, Mohamed A;Al-Gahtani, Munirah F
曲霉属(Aspergilla spp.)从利雅得、达曼和阿卜哈地区分离出与腰果相关的黄曲霉毒素，并用三种不同的培养基定性地测定了曲霉在紫外光(365 Nm)下产生黄曲霉毒素的情况。结果表明，有6株黄曲霉和4株寄生黄曲霉产生黄曲霉毒素阳性，而所有黑曲霉菌株均为阴性。采用高效液相色谱法测定了百里香、大蒜、肉桂、薄荷和迷迭香等5种商品精油对黄曲霉和寄生曲霉生长和黄曲霉毒素产生的影响。结果表明，供试精油对黄曲霉和寄生曲霉的真菌生长和黄曲霉毒素产生均有极显著的抑制作用。对真菌生长和黄曲霉毒素产生的抑制程度取决于所用精油的类型和浓度。结果表明，肉桂油和百里香油具有较强的抑菌能力。用四对针对NOR-1、OMT-1、VER-1和aflR基因的引物对黄曲霉毒素的生物合成途径进行了聚合酶链式反应。对结果的解释表明，聚合酶链式反应是一种快速、敏感的方法。
Aspergillus spp. associated with cashew from the regions of Riyadh, Dammam, and Abha were isolated and three different culture media were used to qualitatively measure aflatoxin production by Aspergillus via UV light (365 nm), which was expressed as positive or negative. The obtained data showed that six isolates of A. flavus and four isolates of A. parasiticus were positive for aflatoxin production, while all isolates of A. niger were negative. Five commercially essential oils (thyme, garlic, cinnamon, mint, and rosemary) were tested to determine their influence on growth and aflatoxin production in A. flavus and A. parasiticus by performing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that the tested essential oils caused highly significant inhibition of fungal growth and aflatoxin production in A. flavus and A. parasiticus. The extent of the inhibition of fungal growth and aflatoxin production was dependent on the type and concentration of essential oils applied. The results indicate that cinnamon and thyme oils show strong antimicrobial potential. PCR was used with four sets of primer pairs for nor-1, omt-1, ver-1, and aflR genes, enclosed in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. The interpretation of the results revealed that PCR is a rapid and sensitive method.