Comparison of Thyroid Hormone Levels between Women Farmers and Non-Farmers in Banten Indonesia.
Comparison of Thyroid Hormone Levels between Women Farmers and Non-Farmers in Banten Indonesia.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph18126618
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发表时间：
2021-06-19
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kongtip P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mardhiyah D;Komaruddin WN;Jalal FN;Wuryanti S;Bahri S;Qomariah Q;Sosiawan I;Marsiati H;Legiono L;Hanif H;Woskie S;Kongtip P
农药被怀疑是内分泌干扰物。这项横断面研究测量了印度尼西亚女性农民（n = 127）和非农民（n = 127）的血清样本中甲状腺激素水平，包括促甲状腺激素（TSH）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）、游离T3（FT3）和游离T4（FT4）。调查问卷被用来收集人口统计学和风险因素，包括工作特点和频率，以及家庭和农业农药的使用信息。结果表明，农民与非农民甲状腺水平的临床类型分布除FT3和T4外，无显著性差异。然而，在控制混杂因素的多变量回归分析中，农民的FT3和T4显著高于非农民。此外，32%的农民有临床低碘水平，49%的非农民有临床高碘水平。我们的结论是，农药暴露可能不是重要的碘摄入量在解释这些发现。我们建议卫生工作者就农民使用碘盐的重要性进行咨询，并就非农民需要避免的高碘食品进行咨询。
Pesticides are suspected of being endocrine disruptors. This cross-sectional study measured serum samples for levels of thyroid hormones including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free T3 (FT3), and free T4 (FT4) among Indonesian female farmers (n = 127) and non-farmers (n = 127). A questionnaire was used to collect information on demographics and risk factors including work characteristics and frequency, and the use of home and agricultural pesticides. Results showed that there were no significant differences in the distribution of the clinical categories of thyroid levels between farmers and non-farmers except for FT3 and T4. However, in multivariable regression controlling for confounders, FT3 and T4 were significantly higher for farmers compared to non-farmers. In addition, 32% of farmers had clinically low iodine levels and 49% of non-farmers had clinically high iodine levels. We conclude that pesticide exposure may not be as important as iodine intake in explaining these findings. We recommend counseling by health workers about the importance of using iodized salt for farmers and counseling about high iodine foods that need to be avoided for non-farmers.