What Drives Ethnic Homophily? A Relational Approach on How Ethnic Identification Moderates Preferences for Same-Ethnic Friends
What Drives Ethnic Homophily? A Relational Approach on How Ethnic Identification Moderates Preferences for Same-Ethnic Friends
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DOI：
10.1177/0003122419846849
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Pink, Sebastian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leszczensky, Lars;Pink, Sebastian
个人对同种族朋友的偏好导致了青少年友谊网络的持续隔离。然而，令人惊讶的是，我们对种族同质性背后的机制知之甚少。先前的研究表明，种族同质性是普遍存在的，但从社会认同的角度来看，强烈的群体认同会导致群体偏袒。结合社会认同感的视角和关系的方法，我们提出这样一个问题：高认同度的假定增加的同源性是延伸到所有的群体成员，还是取决于同一种族的认同感的强弱。我们认为，种族认同感的强弱不仅影响个人对同族朋友的渴望程度，也影响他们作为潜在朋友对他人的吸引力。通过对德国青少年学校网络面板数据的随机行为导向模型的拟合，我们发现种族同质性是由同龄人的种族认同的相互作用所驱动的：高识别度有助于与具有强烈种族认同感的同族同龄人交朋友，而排除相同种族的低识别度。反过来，低识别度往往会避免与种族间的高识别度成为朋友。我们的关系方法表明，种族同质性很难无处不在，但需要对(潜在的)友谊的双方进行强烈的认同。
Individual preferences for same-ethnic friends contribute to persistent segregation of adolescents' friendship networks. Yet, we know surprisingly little about the mechanisms behind ethnic homophily. Prior research suggests that ethnic homophily is ubiquitous, but a social identity perspective indicates that strong ingroup identification drives ingroup favoritism. Combining a social identity perspective with a relational approach, we ask whether the presumed increased homophily of high identifiers extends to all ingroup members, or whether it is conditional on the strength of same-ethnics' identification. We propose that the strength of ethnic identification affects not only how much individuals desire same-ethnic friends, but also how attractive they are as potential friends to others. Fitting stochastic actor-oriented models to German adolescent school-based network panel data, we find that ethnic homophily is driven by an interplay of peers' ethnic identification: high identifiers befriend same-ethnic peers who share their strong ethnic identification, while excluding same-ethnic low identifiers. Low identifiers, in turn, tend to avoid befriending inter-ethnic high identifiers. Our relational approach reveals that ethnic homophily is hardly ubiquitous but requires strong identification of both parties of a (potential) friendship.