Revolution in the Terra do Sol
Revolution in the Terra do Sol
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太阳大地的革命
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Sarzynski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sarzynski
这本书通过考察20世纪50年代和60年代东北地区的革命社会和文化运动，重塑了对巴西冷战和1964年政变的传统叙事。在此期间，数十万农村男女在街头、种植园和法庭上抗议土地、劳工和公民权。古巴革命后，农村社会运动的力量引发了人们对巴西社会革命潜力的希望和担忧。农村社会运动、保守党地主、政治家和电影制片人用一种地区历史符号和主题的语言辩论土地改革。流行文化和政治话语中这种象征和主题的重复来自于o Nordese的比喻，将该地区及其人民定义为落后、贫穷、宿命论、暴力、传统的其他人，而不是现代的、城市的巴西国家。即使农村社会运动和激进的电影制作人试图重新创作和确立北欧的新含义，他们制作的图像往往也进一步巩固了对该地区及其人民的假设和刻板印象。这本书展示了这种叙事和刻板印象是如何被故意用作政治工具，以增强巴西社会中某些群体的权力，同时剥夺其他群体的公民权。它揭示了关于东北农村人是贫穷的、非现代的受害者和暴力狂热分子的歧视性假设，是如何使国家对农村社会运动的迫害合法化的，为军事政变提供了理由，并塑造了冷战历史的讲述方式。
This book recasts conventional narratives of the Cold War in Brazil and the 1964 coup through its examination of revolutionary social and cultural movements in the Northeastern region in the 1950s and 1960s. During this period, hundreds of thousands of rural men and women protested in the streets, on the plantations, and in the courtrooms for land, labor, and citizenship rights. In the wake of the Cuban Revolution, the strength of the rural social movements raised hopes and fears about the potential for social revolution in Brazil. Rural social movements, Conservative landowners, politicians, and filmmakers debated agrarian reform in a language of regional historical symbols and themes. The repetition of such symbols and themes in popular culture and political discourse drew from the trope of o Nordeste, defining the region and its people as the backwards, impoverished, fatalistic, violent, traditional Other in contrast to the modern, urban Brazilian nation. Even if rural social movements and radical filmmakers attempted to rework and assert new meanings of o Nordeste, often the images they produced served to further entrench assumptions and stereotypes of the region and its people. This book shows how such narratives and stereotypes were deliberately deployed as political tools to empower certain groups in Brazilian society while disenfranchising others. It reveals how discriminatory assumptions about rural Northeasterners as impoverished, non-modern victims and violent fanatics legitimized the state persecution of rural social movements, provided a rationale for the military coup and shaped the way Cold War history has been told.