Adaptability as the key to success for the ubiquitous marine nitrite oxidizer Nitrococcus.

Adaptability as the key to success for the ubiquitous marine nitrite oxidizer Nitrococcus.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.1700807
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Lam P
Lam P
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Füssel J;Lücker S;Yilmaz P;Nowka B;van Kessel MAHJ;Bourceau P;Hach PF;Littmann S;Berg J;Spieck E;Daims H;Kuypers MMM;Lam P

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一种分布于全球但以前被忽视的海洋亚硝酸盐氧化剂可以还原硝酸盐,产生N2O,并氧化硫化物。亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(NOB)通常被认为是负责在环境中产生硝酸盐的高度专门化的功能群。然而,最近基于文化的研究表明,他们有能力导致替代的生活方式,但海洋亚硝酸盐氧化剂对其他过程的贡献的直接环境证据一直缺乏。我们报告的替代生态地球化学功能,世界范围内的分布,有时高丰度的海洋NOB硝化球菌。这些基本上被忽视的细菌不仅能够氧化亚硝酸盐,还能够还原硝酸盐并产生一氧化二氮,一种臭氧消耗剂和温室气体。此外,硝化球菌属可以有氧氧化硫化物,从而也参与硫循环。在目前快速变化的全球海洋中,这些发现突出了这些无处不在的细菌可以在各种生物地球化学循环中执行的潜在功能开关,每个都有不同甚至相反的后果。
A globally distributed yet previously overlooked marine nitrite oxidizer can reduce nitrate, produce N2O, and oxidize sulfide. Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) have conventionally been regarded as a highly specialized functional group responsible for the production of nitrate in the environment. However, recent culture-based studies suggest that they have the capacity to lead alternative lifestyles, but direct environmental evidence for the contribution of marine nitrite oxidizers to other processes has been lacking to date. We report on the alternative biogeochemical functions, worldwide distribution, and sometimes high abundance of the marine NOB Nitrococcus. These largely overlooked bacteria are capable of not only oxidizing nitrite but also reducing nitrate and producing nitrous oxide, an ozone-depleting agent and greenhouse gas. Furthermore, Nitrococcus can aerobically oxidize sulfide, thereby also engaging in the sulfur cycle. In the currently fast-changing global oceans, these findings highlight the potential functional switches these ubiquitous bacteria can perform in various biogeochemical cycles, each with distinct or even contrasting consequences.
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