Fourier synthesis of radiofrequency nanomechanical pulses with different shapes
Fourier synthesis of radiofrequency nanomechanical pulses with different shapes
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DOI：
10.1038/nnano.2015.72
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Krenner, Hubert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schuelein, Florian J. R.;Zallo, Eugenio;Krenner, Hubert J.
傅立叶合成（1）的概念在消费电子产品（2）和基础研究（3）中都有大量的应用。在后者中，脉冲整形是动态初始化、探测和操纵经典或量子系统状态的关键。例如，在核磁共振中，整形脉冲有着悠久的传统（4），其基本概念随后被成功地扩展到光学频率（3，5），甚至扩展到量子门操作的实现（6）。将这些范例转移到纳米机械系统需要定制的纳米机械波形。在这里，我们报告的基础上，单色表面声波的纳米机械波形的添加剂傅立叶合成器。作为概念的证明，我们从f（1）近似为150 MHz的基本表面声波电合成四种不同的基本纳米机械波形，使用多达三个离散谐波的叠加。我们使用这些成形脉冲与单个传感器量子点相互作用，并通过光机械量子点响应检测它们的有意和时间调制的应变分量（7-9）。重要的是，与通过体压电致动器（7）的直接机械致动相反，表面声波提供高得多的频率（>20 GHz;参考文献10）以共振地驱动机械运动（11）。因此，我们的技术独特地允许光机械晶体（13，14）的局域振动模式的相干机械控制（12），即使在冷却到振动基态（15）时的量子极限中。
The concept of Fourier synthesis(1) is heavily used in both consumer electronic products(2) and fundamental research(3). In the latter, pulse shaping is key to dynamically initializing, probing and manipulating the state of classical or quantum systems. In NMR, for instance, shaped pulses have a long-standing tradition(4) and the underlying fundamental concepts have subsequently been successfully extended to optical frequencies(3,5) and even to the implementation of quantum gate operations(6). Transferring these paradigms to nanomechanical systems requires tailored nanomechanical waveforms. Here, we report on an additive Fourier synthesizer for nanomechanical waveforms based on monochromatic surface acoustic waves. As a proof of concept, we electrically synthesize four different elementary nanomechanical waveforms from a fundamental surface acoustic wave at f(1) approximate to 150 MHz using a superposition of up to three discrete harmonics. We use these shaped pulses to interact with an individual sensor quantum dot and detect their deliberately and temporally modulated strain component via the optomechanical quantum dot response(7-9). Importantly, and in contrast to direct mechanical actuation by bulk piezoactuators(7), surface acoustic waves provide much higher frequencies (>20 GHz; ref. 10) to resonantly drive mechanical motion(11). Thus, our technique uniquely allows coherent mechanical control(12) of localized vibronic modes of optomechanical crystals(13,14), even in the quantum limit when cooled to the vibrational ground state(15).