Human Non-linguistic Vocal Repertoire: Call Types and Their Meaning
Human Non-linguistic Vocal Repertoire: Call Types and Their Meaning
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10919-017-0267-y
复制
发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Persson, Tomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anikin, Andrey;Baath, Rasmus;Persson, Tomas
最近对人类非语言发声的研究使我们对情感的声音交流的理解取得了相当大的进展。然而，与动物发声的研究相比，这项研究主要集中在对这些信号的情感解释上。人类非语言发声作为声学类型的全部，以及声学和情感类别之间的映射，因此仍未得到充分探索。在一项跨语言命名任务（实验1）中，英语、瑞典语和俄语参与者对132种真实的（非表演的）人类发声进行了言语分类，结果显示，这些声音类型都是相同的：笑、哭、尖叫、呻吟，可能还有咆哮和叹息。呼叫类型和感知情绪之间的联系是系统的，但不是多余的：听众将每种呼叫类型与有限的，但在某些情况下相对广泛的情绪范围联系起来。命名呼叫类型的速度和一致性预测了推断呼叫者情绪的速度和一致性，表明声音和情绪分类密切相关。然而，参与者更倾向于在说出情绪之前说出呼叫类型。此外，在三合一分类任务（实验2）中，同一刺激物的非语言分类与呼叫类型分类比情绪分类更相容，表明呼叫类型分类具有更大的知觉显著性。这些结果表明，声音分类可能先于情感归因，强调需要区分非语言信号的公开形式及其感知者的解释。呼叫内部和呼叫之间的声音变化都可以明确地建模，使人类非语言发声的研究更符合动物交流的工作。
Recent research on human nonverbal vocalizations has led to considerable progress in our understanding of vocal communication of emotion. However, in contrast to studies of animal vocalizations, this research has focused mainly on the emotional interpretation of such signals. The repertoire of human nonverbal vocalizations as acoustic types, and the mapping between acoustic and emotional categories, thus remain underexplored. In a cross-linguistic naming task (Experiment 1), verbal categorization of 132 authentic (non-acted) human vocalizations by English-, Swedish- and Russian-speaking participants revealed the same major acoustic types: laugh, cry, scream, moan, and possibly roar and sigh. The association between call type and perceived emotion was systematic but non-redundant: listeners associated every call type with a limited, but in some cases relatively wide, range of emotions. The speed and consistency of naming the call type predicted the speed and consistency of inferring the caller's emotion, suggesting that acoustic and emotional categorizations are closely related. However, participants preferred to name the call type before naming the emotion. Furthermore, nonverbal categorization of the same stimuli in a triad classification task (Experiment 2) was more compatible with classification by call type than by emotion, indicating the former's greater perceptual salience. These results suggest that acoustic categorization may precede attribution of emotion, highlighting the need to distinguish between the overt form of nonverbal signals and their interpretation by the perceiver. Both within- and between-call acoustic variation can then be modeled explicitly, bringing research on human nonverbal vocalizations more in line with the work on animal communication.