"Two Nations"? Race and Economic Inequality in South Africa Today
"Two Nations"? Race and Economic Inequality in South Africa Today
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“两国”？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Seekings
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Nattrass;J. Seekings
南非长期以来一直因其高度的不平等而臭名昭著。1998年，时任副总统塔博·姆贝基在议会发表讲话时将南非描述为“两个国家，一个是黑人，另一个是白色”：其中一个国家是白色，相对繁荣，不分性别或地理分布。它拥有发达的经济、物质、教育、通讯和其他基础设施。这使它能够争辩说，除了对妇女的性别歧视持续存在之外，我国所有成员都有可能行使其平等机会的权利，以及我国1993年《宪法》承诺的发展机会。第二大国家南非是黑人和穷人，受影响最严重的是农村地区的妇女、一般农村黑人人口和残疾人。这个国家生活在经济、物质、教育、通讯和其他基础设施极不发达的条件下。它实际上不可能行使实际上相当于理论上的机会平等权利，在这个黑人国家中，这种权利是平等的，只是在它同样无法实现的范围内。
South Africa has long been infamous for its very high level of inequality. Speaking in Parliament in 1998, then-deputy president Thabo Mbeki described South Africa as divided into "two nations, the one black and the other white": One of these nations is white, relatively prosperous, regardless of gender or geographical dispersal. It has ready access to a devel oped economic, physical, educational, communication and other infrastructure. This enables it to argue that, except for the persis tence of gender discrimination against women, all members of this nation have the possibility of exercising their right to equal oppor tunity, and the development opportunities to which the Constitu tion of 1993 committed our country. The second and larger nation of South Africa is black and poor, with the worst-affected being women in the rural areas, the black rural population in general and the disabled. This nation lives under conditions of grossly underdeveloped economic, physical, educational, communication and other infrastructure. It has virtually no possibility of exercising what in reality amounts to a theoretical right to equal opportunity, that right being equal within this black nation only to the extent that it is equally incapable of realisation.1