Conserved plant genes with similarity to mammalian de novo DNA methyltransferases
Conserved plant genes with similarity to mammalian de novo DNA methyltransferases
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.9.4979
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发表时间：
2000-04-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Jacobsen, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao, XF;Springer, NM;Jacobsen, SE
DNA甲基化在控制大多数真核生物的基因活性状态中起着关键作用，并且对于正常生长和发育至关重要。甲基化模式由从头甲基转移酶建立，并通过维持甲基转移酶活性来维持。Dnmt 3家族的从头DNA甲基转移酶最近已在动物中表征。在这里，我们描述了DNA甲基转移酶基因从拟南芥和玉米，显示出高水平的序列相似性Dnmt 3，这表明它们编码植物从头甲基转移酶。相对于所有已知的真核生物甲基转移酶，这些植物蛋白含有DNA甲基转移酶催化活性所需的基序的新的安排。这些甲基转移酶的N末端含有一系列的泛素相关（乌巴）结构域。乌巴结构域存在于几种泛素途径蛋白和DNA修复酶如Rad 23中。并且它们可能参与泛素结合。乌巴结构域的存在提供了DNA甲基化和泛素/蛋白酶体途径之间的可能联系。
DNA methylation plays a critical role in controlling states of gene activity in most eukaryotic organisms, and it is essential for proper growth and development. Patterns of methylation are established by de novo methyltransferases and maintained by maintenance methyltransferase activities. The Dnmt3 family of de novo DNA methyltransferases has recently been characterized in animals. Here we describe DNA methyltransferase genes from both Arabidopsis and maize that show a high level of sequence similarity to Dnmt3, suggesting that they encode plant de novo methyltransferases. Relative to all known eukaryotic methyltransferases, these plant proteins contain a novel arrangement of the motifs required for DNA methyltransferase catalytic activity. The N termini of these methyltransferases contain a series of ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains. UBA domains are found in several ubiquitin pathway proteins and in DNA repair enzymes such as Rad23. and they may be involved in ubiquitin binding. The presence of UBA domains provides a possible link between DNA methylation and ubiquitin/proteasome pathways.