Retroviral transforming genes in normal cells?
Retroviral transforming genes in normal cells?
复制标题
正常细胞中的逆转录病毒转化基因？
作者：
Duesberg,PH
逆转录病毒转化基因(癌基因)的特征是特定的序列，这些序列与基本的病毒基因无关，但与正常细胞中的序列密切相关。病毒基因可能起源于没有癌基因的逆转录病毒对这些细胞序列的罕见转导。因此，有人认为逆转录病毒转化基因在正常细胞中以潜伏的形式存在。然而，最近的结构分析表明，具有特定序列的病毒基因和细胞基因并不是同源的。它们在分散的点突变和独特的编码区上相互不同。包含癌相关序列的细胞基因在与正常功能相容的正常细胞中表达。到目前为止，还没有功能上或一致的间接证据表明，这些细胞基因会在没有感染带有癌基因的病毒的动物身上导致癌症。因此，除了作为逆转录病毒癌基因的前体外，肿瘤相关细胞基因是否具有致癌潜力仍是不确定的。
The hallmark of retroviral transforming genes (oncgenes) are specific sequences which are unrelated to essential virion genes but are closely related to sequences in normal cells. Viraloncgenes probably originated from rare transductions of these cellular sequences by retroviruses withoutoncgenes. Consequently, it has been suggested that retroviral transforming genes are present in normal cells in a latent form. However, recent structural analyses indicate that viraloncgenes and cellular genes, which share specific sequences, are not isogenic. They differ from each other in scattered point mutations and in unique coding regions. The cellular genes containingonc-related sequences are expressed in normal cells compatible with a normal function. There is as yet no functional or consistent circumstantial evidence that these cellular genes cause cancer in animals that are not infected by viruses withoncgenes. Therefore, it is still uncertain whether theonc-related cellular genes have oncogenic potential beyond their role as progenitors of retroviraloncgenes.