Ethanol self-administration in rats responding under concurrent schedules for milk or ethanol plus milk.
Ethanol self-administration in rats responding under concurrent schedules for milk or ethanol plus milk.
复制标题
在牛奶或乙醇加牛奶的同时时间表下对大鼠进行乙醇自我给药。
DOI：
10.1097/fbp.0b013e328364c006
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Paronis,CarolA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paronis,CarolA
药物的相对强化强度可以通过其他强化刺激存在时操作行为的分布来表征。“选择”程序并没有广泛应用于大鼠，除了乙醇自我给药，通常在乙醇和水之间做出选择，这通常不会保持太大的反应。一个程序被开发，以评估乙醇在大鼠的相对增强强度时，类似的食欲增强剂同时可用。大鼠被训练在同时固定比例的强化方案下对两种杠杆做出反应，分别是牛奶（1-50%）或乙醇+牛奶（4-32%乙醇+ 5-10%牛奶）。每天60分钟的训练开始于每种强化物的强制样本，然后是并行的时间表。在此计划下，大鼠在乙醇+ 5%牛奶和5%牛奶条件下优先将其反应分配给乙醇相关杠杆，但在乙醇+ 10%牛奶和10%牛奶条件下，大鼠既不偏好也不避免乙醇。当提供8%乙醇+ 5%牛奶时，85±6%的反应指向乙醇相关杠杆，平均乙醇摄入量为1.55±0.10 g/kg。反应率随乙醇浓度的增加而单调降低。纳曲酮注射不影响应答分布，但略有降低乙醇摄入量。由此可见，在乙醇和乳汁同时摄入的固定比例计划下，大鼠的行为可以保持稳定，从而导致摄入的乙醇量具有行为活性。
The relative reinforcing strength of drugs can be characterized by the distribution of operant behavior during the availability of other reinforcing stimuli.‘Choice’procedures are not widely used in rats, with the exception of ethanol self-administration in which there often is a choice between ethanol and water, which typically does not maintain much responding. A procedure was developed to evaluate the relative reinforcing strength of ethanol in rats when a similar appetitive reinforcer is concurrently available. Rats were trained to respond on two levers under concurrent fixed-ratio schedules of reinforcement with milk (1–50%) or ethanol+ milk (4–32% ethanol+ 5–10% milk). Daily 60-min sessions began with a forced sample of each reinforcer, followed by the concurrent schedules. Under this schedule, rats preferentially allocated their responding to the ethanol-associated lever under conditions of ethanol+ 5% milk versus 5% milk, but neither preferred nor avoided ethanol when ethanol+ 10% milk versus 10% milk was available. When 8% ethanol+ 5% milk was available, 85±6% of responses were directed toward the ethanol-associated lever and the mean ethanol intake was 1.55±0.10 g/kg. The response rate decreased monotonically with the concentration of ethanol. Naltrexone injections did not affect the distribution of responding, but slightly decreased ethanol intake. It is concluded that stable behavior can be maintained under concurrent fixed-ratio schedules of ethanol and milk presentation in rats, resulting in intake of behaviorally active amounts of ethanol.