THE RECOGNITION AND CATEGORIZATION OF UPRIGHT AND INVERTED EMOTIONAL EXPRESSIONS BY 7-MONTH-OLD INFANTS
THE RECOGNITION AND CATEGORIZATION OF UPRIGHT AND INVERTED EMOTIONAL EXPRESSIONS BY 7-MONTH-OLD INFANTS
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DOI：
10.1016/0163-6383(90)90019-5
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发表时间：
1990-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
NELSON, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KESTENBAUM, R;NELSON, CA
研究人员使用直立和倒立两种面孔来判断7个月大的婴儿是否会根据情感相关的信息来区分情绪表达。在实验1中，婴儿在改变身份时识别出快乐面孔的相似性，并在刺激垂直呈现时区分这种表情与恐惧和愤怒，而当刺激倒置时则不区分。在实验2中，无论刺激的方向如何，婴儿都能够区分单一模型带来的快乐和恐惧和愤怒。从这些研究中可以看出，对情绪表达的分类依赖于关注与情绪相关的、特定于方位的信息，而对情绪表达的辨别可以基于特征来完成，这一点无论刺激的方向如何都保持不变。在实验3中，当刺激呈现直立和倒置时，婴儿区分了几种模型所呈现的有牙齿的快乐和无牙齿的快乐和无牙齿的愤怒。因此，当显著特征可用时，婴儿会基于感知方面而不是概念方面(如情绪类别)进行辨别。
Upright and inverted faces were used to determine whether 7-month-old infants discriminate emotional expressions on the basis of affectively relevant information. In Experiment 1, infants recognized the similarity of happy faces over changing identities and discriminated this expression from fear and anger when the stimuli were presented upright, but not when they were inverted. In Experiment 2, infants were able to discriminate happiness from fear and anger posed by a single model, regardless of the orientation of the stimuli. From these studies it was suggested that categorizing emotional expressions depends upon attending to affectively relevant, orientation-specific information, whereas the discrimination of emotional expressions can be done on a featural basis, something that remains invariant regardless of the orientation of the stimuli. In Experiment 3, infants discriminated toothy happiness posed by several models from nontoothy happiness and nontoothy anger when the stimuli were presented upright and inverted. Thus, when salient features were available, the infants based their discriminations on perceptual aspects rather than on conceptual aspects such as categories of emotions.