Temporal dynamics of norovirus determined through monitoring of municipal wastewater by pyrosequencing and virological surveillance of gastroenteritis cases
Temporal dynamics of norovirus determined through monitoring of municipal wastewater by pyrosequencing and virological surveillance of gastroenteritis cases
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2015.10.024
复制
发表时间：
2016-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Omura, Tatsuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kazama, Shinobu;Masago, Yoshifumi;Omura, Tatsuo
诺如病毒是病毒性胃肠炎的主要病原体。由于相对轻微的疾病症状和频繁的无症状感染，关于该病毒生态学的信息有限。我们的目的是通过对城市污水中的诺如病毒进行基因分型来研究人群中传播的诺如病毒的遗传多样性。2012年11月至2013年3月，我们通过焦磷酸测序和定量PCR（qPCR）调查了日本城市污水中的诺如病毒基因组I和II（GI和GII）。在同一地区同时进行肠胃炎病例的病毒学监测。使用焦磷酸测序在废水中观察到总共14种不同的基因型（GI. 1、3、4、6、7、GII. 2、4、5、6、7、12、13、14和17），每个样品检测到多达8种基因型;从临床样品中仅获得4种基因型（GI. 6、GII. 4、5和14）。78%的诺如病毒阳性粪便样本含有GII.4，但这种基因型在废水中并不占主导地位。在我们的研究期间出现并传播的诺如病毒GII.4 Sydney 2012变体在废水和临床样本中均被检测到。这些结果表明，使用焦磷酸测序的环境方法产生更详细的诺如病毒基因型/变体分布。因此，通过焦磷酸测序进行的废水监测有望提供对导致人群中有症状和无症状感染的诺如病毒基因型分布的有效分析。(C)2015爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Norovirus is a leading etiological agent of viral gastroenteritis. Because of relatively mild disease symptoms and frequent asymptomatic infections, information on the ecology of this virus is limited. Our objective was to examine the genetic diversity of norovirus circulating in the human population by means of genotyping the virus in municipal wastewater. We investigated norovirus genogroups I and II (GI and GII) in municipal wastewater in Japan by pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) from November 2012 to March 2013. Virological surveillance for gastroenteritis cases was concurrently conducted in the same area. A total of fourteen distinct genotypes in total (GI.1, 3, 4, 6, 7, GII.2, 4, 5, 6, 7,12,13, 14, and 17), with up to eight genotypes detected per sample, were observed in wastewater using pyrosequencing; only four genotypes (GI.6, GII.4, 5, and 14) were obtained from clinical samples. Seventy-eight percent of norovirus-positive stool samples contained GII.4, but this genotype was not dominant in wastewater. The norovirus GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant, which appeared and spread during our study period, was detected in both the wastewater and clinical samples. These results suggest that an environmental approach using pyrosequencing yields a more detailed distribution of norovirus genotypes/variants. Thus, wastewater monitoring by pyrosequencing is expected to provide an effective analysis of the distribution of norovirus genotypes causing symptomatic and asymptomatic infections in human populations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.