Sleep-dependent improvement in visuomotor learning: a causal role for slow waves.
Sleep-dependent improvement in visuomotor learning: a causal role for slow waves.
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DOI：
10.1093/sleep/32.10.1273
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发表时间：
2009-10
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
E. Landsness;D. Crupi;B. Hulse;M. Peterson;R. Huber;R. Huber;H. Ansari;Michael Coen;C. Cirelli;R. Benca;M. Ghilardi;G. Tononi
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. Landsness;D. Crupi;B. Hulse;M. Peterson;R. Huber;R. Huber;H. Ansari;Michael Coen;C. Cirelli;R. Benca;M. Ghilardi;G. Tononi
学习后的睡眠通常有利于记忆的巩固，但其潜在机制仍不清楚。在以前的研究中，我们发现学习视觉任务之后，右顶叶皮层的睡眠慢波活动（SWA，非快速眼动睡眠期间0.5至4.5 Hz之间的脑电图[EEG]功率密度）增加。SWA的增加与睡眠后视觉表现的改善相关，这表明SWA可能是巩固视觉学习的原因。在这里，我们通过研究慢波剥夺（SWD）的影响来验证这一假设。设计在学习任务后，受试者进入睡眠状态，声刺激被定时以抑制慢波（SWD）或尽可能少地干扰自发慢波（控制声刺激，CAS）。环境：隔音研究室。参与者健康受试者（平均年龄24.6 ± 1.0岁; n = 9用于EEG分析，n = 12用于行为分析; 3名女性）。测量和结果睡眠时间和效率没有受到影响，而SWA和慢波的数量减少SWD相对于CAS。相对于前一天晚上，CAS条件下的视觉表现显著改善（+5.93% +/- 0.88%），但SWD条件下没有改善（-0.77% +/- 1.16%），直接CAS与SWD比较显示出显著差异（P = 0.0007，n = 12，配对t检验）。SWD后视觉表现的变化与右顶叶皮层的SWA变化相关，但与使用临床建立的标准确定的觉醒次数无关，也与使用基于事件相关频谱扰动分析的新自动方法确定的“EEG减轻”的任何迹象无关。结论睡眠慢波在睡眠依赖性视觉功能改善中起重要作用。
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep after learning often benefits memory consolidation, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In previous studies, we found that learning a visuomotor task is followed by an increase in sleep slow wave activity (SWA, the electroencephalographic [EEG] power density between 0.5 and 4.5 Hz during non-rapid eye movement sleep) over the right parietal cortex. The SWA increase correlates with the postsleep improvement in visuomotor performance, suggesting that SWA may be causally responsible for the consolidation of visuomotor learning. Here, we tested this hypothesis by studying the effects of slow wave deprivation (SWD). DESIGN After learning the task, subjects went to sleep, and acoustic stimuli were timed either to suppress slow waves (SWD) or to interfere as little as possible with spontaneous slow waves (control acoustic stimulation, CAS). SETTING Sound-attenuated research room. PARTICIPANTS Healthy subjects (mean age 24.6 +/- 1.0 years; n = 9 for EEG analysis, n = 12 for behavior analysis; 3 women). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Sleep time and efficiency were not affected, whereas SWA and the number of slow waves decreased in SWD relative to CAS. Relative to the night before, visuomotor performance significantly improved in the CAS condition (+5.93% +/- 0.88%) but not in the SWD condition (-0.77% +/- 1.16%), and the direct CAS vs SWD comparison showed a significant difference (P = 0.0007, n = 12, paired t test). Changes in visuomotor performance after SWD were correlated with SWA changes over right parietal cortex but not with the number of arousals identified using clinically established criteria, nor with any sign of "EEG lightening" identified using a novel automatic method based on event-related spectral perturbation analysis. CONCLUSION These results support a causal role for sleep slow waves in sleep-dependent improvement of visuomotor performance.