Arginine Vasopressin and Oxytocin Modulate Human Social Behavior
Arginine Vasopressin and Oxytocin Modulate Human Social Behavior
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04541.x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yirmiya, Nurit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ebstein, Richard P.;Israel, Salomon;Yirmiya, Nurit
越来越多的证据表明，两个九肽，精氨酸加压素和催产素，塑造人类的社会行为在非临床和临床科目。有证据表明，在自闭症谱系障碍中，加压素-催产素通路的遗传多态性，特别是精氨酸加压素受体1a（AVPR 1a），催产素受体（OXTR），neurophysin I和II，和CD 38（最近被证明是至关重要的社会行为，通过介导催产素分泌）有助于这组患者的社会化技能的赤字。我们还提出了第一个证据表明，CD 38表达的淋巴母细胞来源于被诊断为自闭症的主题与社会技能表型库存的葡萄园适应行为量表。此外，我们讨论了分子遗传学证据，在非临床科目AVPR 1a和OXTR基因有助于亲社会或利他行为库存的两个实验范式，独裁者游戏和社会价值取向。还分析了AVPR 1a在前脉冲抑制中的作用。对听觉刺激的惊吓反应的前脉冲抑制在很大程度上是一种自主反应，与动物模型和人类的社会认知产生共鸣。第一个结果显示，鼻内给药精氨酸加压素增加唾液皮质醇水平在特里尔社会压力测试。总之，越来越多的研究采用了心理学、神经经济学、分子遗传学、药理学、电生理学和脑成像等领域的尖端工具，开始详细阐述催产素和精氨酸加压素在人类社会行为中的有趣作用。我们希望未来的研究将继续这一进展，并加深我们对这些复杂事件的理解。
Increasing evidence suggests that two nonapeptides, arginine vasopressin and oxytocin, shape human social behavior in both nonclinical and clinical subjects. Evidence is discussed that in autism spectrum disorders genetic polymorphisms in the vasopressin-oxytocin pathway, notably the arginine vasopressin receptor 1a (AVPR1a), the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), neurophysin I and II, and CD38 (recently shown to be critical for social behavior by mediating oxytocin secretion) contribute to deficits in socialization skills in this group of patients. We also present first evidence that CD38 expression in lymphoblastoid cells derived from subjects diagnosed with autism is correlated with social skill phenotype inventoried by the Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scales. Additionally, we discuss molecular genetic evidence that in nonclinical subjects both AVPR1a and OXTR genes contribute to prosocial or altruistic behavior inventoried by two experimental paradigms, the dictator game and social values orientation. The role of the AVPR1a is also analyzed in prepulse inhibition. Prepulse inhibition of the startle response to auditory stimuli is a largely autonomic response that resonates with social cognition in both animal models and humans. First results are presented showing that intranasal administration of arginine vasopressin increases salivary cortisol levels in the Trier Social Stress test. To summarize, accumulating studies employing a broad array of cutting-edge tools in psychology, neuroeconomics, molecular genetics, pharmacology, electrophysiology, and brain imaging are beginning to elaborate the intriguing role of oxytocin and arginine vasopressin in human social behavior. We expect that future studies will continue this advance and deepen our understanding of these complex events.