Net Inflow: An Important Target on the Path to Aquifer Sustainability
Net Inflow: An Important Target on the Path to Aquifer Sustainability
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/gwat.13233
复制
发表时间：
2022-08-13
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wilson, B. B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butler, J. J.;Bohling, G. C.;Wilson, B. B.
支持灌溉农业的含水层是一种具有全球重要性的资源。然而，其中许多系统正在经历重大的抽水引起的压力，威胁到其作为灌溉水源的持续可行性。减少抽水往往是延长这些含水层的寿命及其所支持的农业生产的唯一选择。减少的影响取决于一个称为“净流入”或“捕获”的数量。“我们使用来自美国中部高平原含水层西部堪萨斯部分的威尔斯网络的数据来证明净流入的重要性，如何在现场进行估计，它如何在响应抽水减少时发生变化，以及为什么在某些情况下使用“净流入”可能比“捕获”更可取。至少在过去的15到25年里，堪萨斯西部的大部分地区的净流入量几乎保持不变，从而使其成为可持续发展努力的目标。达到净流入所需的抽水减少百分比（即，在短期内[几年到几十年]稳定水位）在这一地区可能有很大差异，这对地下水管理具有重要影响。然而，在许多领域，减少的幅度似乎实际上是可以实现的（不到30%）。实地确定的净流入量可以发挥重要作用，在区域地下水模型的校准，未能再现其规模和时间变化应提示进一步校准。虽然净流入是一个普遍适用的概念，但在季节性抽水的含水层中，实地估计的可靠性最高。
Aquifers supporting irrigated agriculture are a resource of global importance. Many of these systems, however, are experiencing significant pumping-induced stress that threatens their continued viability as a water source for irrigation. Reductions in pumping are often the only option to extend the lifespans of these aquifers and the agricultural production they support. The impact of reductions depends on a quantity known as "net inflow" or "capture." We use data from a network of wells in the western Kansas portions of the High Plains aquifer in the central United States to demonstrate the importance of net inflow, how it can be estimated in the field, how it might vary in response to pumping reductions, and why use of "net inflow" may be preferred over "capture" in certain contexts. Net inflow has remained approximately constant over much of western Kansas for at least the last 15 to 25 years, thereby allowing it to serve as a target for sustainability efforts. The percent pumping reduction required to reach net inflow (i.e., stabilize water levels for the near term [years to a few decades]) can vary greatly over this region, which has important implications for groundwater management. However, the reduction does appear practically achievable (less than 30%) in many areas. The field-determined net inflow can play an important role in calibration of regional groundwater models; failure to reproduce its magnitude and temporal variations should prompt further calibration. Although net inflow is a universally applicable concept, the reliability of field estimates is greatest in seasonally pumped aquifers.