The Need for Improved Pervious Land Cover Characterization in Urban Watersheds
The Need for Improved Pervious Land Cover Characterization in Urban Watersheds
复制标题
改善城市流域渗透性土地覆盖特征的必要性
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Novotney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Law;Karen Cappiella;M. Novotney
城市土地覆盖的表征是市政独立雨水下水道系统MS 4社区的核心，这些社区依靠建模工作来评估土地开发对流域和特定地点规模的受纳水体的影响。HSPF、SWMM、SLAMM、TR-55、TR-20等模型和合理方法是估算流域污染物负荷的常用工具，用于许可目的，例如，总最大日负荷，国家污染物排放消除系统或确定水质处理量的要求，为网站级雨水的做法。不透水覆盖IC是用于评估这些影响和评估减少城市流域污染物负荷的需求的关键建模参数。城市流域管理的重点是IC导致有限的研究，以研究透水土地覆盖对河流健康和网站水文的影响。透水土地覆盖可以减轻或加重不透水覆盖对城市流域水生资源的影响。透水土地覆盖的影响取决于流域内的类型、范围、管理和位置，其中一些包括在评估土地开发对受纳沃茨影响的模型中。为了更好地预测土地开发对受纳沃茨的影响，需要更好地了解透水土地覆被的功能和准确描述透水土地覆被类型的能力。从雨水从业者的角度来描述城市流域中透水土地覆盖类型的需要是了解土壤压实可能对这些地区的径流准确建模的影响，并确定雨水处理实践的合适位置，例如，最佳管理实践BMPs。例如，在雨水管理方面出现了一种新的趋势，即通过使用对环境敏感的设计ESD做法来减少径流量和改善水质，这些做法减少和断开不透水覆盖层，最大限度地增加透水覆盖层，并利用透水区域进行渗透。因此，流域专业人员和雨水从业者有必要更好地了解不透水和透水土地覆盖在流域和网站水文的作用。本文介绍了研究的主要发现，以说明，第一，城市透水土地覆盖可能对流域健康的潜在意义，第二，需要考虑
The characterization of urban land cover is central to municipal separate storm sewer system MS4 communities that rely on modeling efforts to evaluate the impacts of land development on receiving water bodies at the watershed and site-specific scales. Models such as HSPF, SWMM, SLAMM, TR-55, TR-20, and the rational method are commonly used tools to estimate watershedwide pollutant loadings for permitting purposes e.g., total maximum daily loads, national pollutant discharge elimination system or to determine the water quality treatment volume requirements for site-level storm water practices. Impervious cover IC is a key modeling parameter used to evaluate these impacts and assess needs to reduce pollutant loadings in urban watersheds. The focus of urban watershed management on IC has resulted in limited research to study the effects of pervious land cover on stream health and site hydrology. Pervious land cover can either mitigate or accentuate the impacts of impervious cover on aquatic resources in urban watersheds. The effect of pervious land cover depends on the type, extent, management, and location within a watershed, some of which are included in models that evaluate the impact of land development on receiving waters. A better understanding of how pervious land covers function and the ability to accurately characterize pervious land cover types are needed to better predict the impacts of land development on receiving waters. The need to characterize pervious land cover types in urban watersheds from a storm water practitioner’s perspective is to understand the influence soil compaction may have to accurately model the runoff from these areas and to identify suitable locations for storm water treatment practices e.g., best management practices BMPs . For example, there is an emerging trend in storm water management to reduce runoff volume and improve water quality through the use of environmentally sensitive design ESD practices that reduce and disconnect impervious cover, maximize pervious cover, and use pervious areas for infiltration. Consequently, watershed professionals and storm water practitioners have a need to better understand the role of both impervious and pervious land covers in watershed and site hydrology. This paper presents key findings from research studies to illustrate, first, the potential significance urban pervious land cover may have on watershed health, and second, the need to account for the