How Redundant Are Redundant Color Adjectives? An Efficiency-Based Analysis of Color Overspecification.
How Redundant Are Redundant Color Adjectives? An Efficiency-Based Analysis of Color Overspecification.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00153
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Rubio-Fernández P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rubio-Fernández P
颜色形容词在指称交际中有冗余使用的倾向。我建议，冗余的颜色形容词（RCA）往往是为了利用在视觉环境中的颜色对比，从而促进对象识别，尽管没有必要建立独特的参考。两个语言生产实验研究了两种类型的因素，可能会影响使用的RCA：相关的因素，在视觉环境中的颜色和相关的因素的语义类别的名词的效率。实验1的结果证实，当颜色可以促进物体识别时，人们会产生RCA;例如，它们在多色显示器中比在单色显示器中更经常这样做，并且在英语中（名词前位置）比在西班牙语中（名词后位置）更经常这样做。当颜色是对象类别的中心属性时，也使用RCA;例如，人们提到衣服的颜色比几何图形的颜色更频繁（实验1），他们过度指定非典型的颜色比可变和刻板的颜色更频繁（实验2）。这些结果与基于Grice语用学和信息量的指称交际的语用模式有关。提出了一种替代分析，它侧重于在给定的参考情况下的颜色的效率和相关性。
Color adjectives tend to be used redundantly in referential communication. I propose that redundant color adjectives (RCAs) are often intended to exploit a color contrast in the visual context and hence facilitate object identification, despite not being necessary to establish unique reference. Two language-production experiments investigated two types of factors that may affect the use of RCAs: factors related to the efficiency of color in the visual context and factors related to the semantic category of the noun. The results of Experiment 1 confirmed that people produce RCAs when color may facilitate object recognition; e.g., they do so more often in polychrome displays than in monochrome displays, and more often in English (pre-nominal position) than in Spanish (post-nominal position). RCAs are also used when color is a central property of the object category; e.g., people referred to the color of clothes more often than to the color of geometrical figures (Experiment 1), and they overspecified atypical colors more often than variable and stereotypical colors (Experiment 2). These results are relevant for pragmatic models of referential communication based on Gricean pragmatics and informativeness. An alternative analysis is proposed, which focuses on the efficiency and pertinence of color in a given referential situation.