Design and Implementation of Low-Cost Distributed Tabletop Magnetic Particle Imaging System
Design and Implementation of Low-Cost Distributed Tabletop Magnetic Particle Imaging System
复制标题
低成本分布式桌面磁粒子成像系统的设计与实现
DOI：
10.1109/tmag.2022.3171315
复制
发表时间：
2022-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Wang，Haifeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu，Congcong;Zhou，Yihang;Wang，Haifeng
磁粒子成像（MPI）是一种新型的层析成像模型，主要受益于磁性纳米颗粒在剧烈变化的磁场下的非线性磁化响应。低成本和紧凑的系统结构有利于教育，生物医学研究，基础和临床医学的应用。相反，生产成本、基础设施要求和分布式测量的许多方面对他们来说可能非常昂贵。在这篇文章中，一个低成本，紧凑的桌面MPI扫描仪的基础上，现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的框架与先进的RISC机器（ARM）的核心，提出了解决这些问题。首先，所提出的低成本MPI扫描器是通过替代离散元件来实现的，这是负担得起的，以覆盖经济最不发达的地区。此外，利用FPGA架构中嵌入的ARM核具有低功耗的固有优势，代替传统的X86来执行高功耗的实时数据传输任务。最后，基于该体系结构构建了一个可定制的桌面MPI系统，用于高级分布式MPI研究。模拟容器实验与商业超顺磁性纳米粒子（SPION）已在建议的系统中进行的血管phanomaly。实验图像表明，该系统可实现约2 mm的图像分辨率，可分辨出脑静脉（直径2-4 mm）的空间位置。此外，分布式传输实验表明，该系统可以基于固有的用户数据报协议（UDP）网络传输协议进行分布式粒子信号的收集和传输，平均往返时间（RTT）为28.044 ms。因此，该系统具有应用网络云获取远程教育或诊断的分布式生物医学信息的潜力。
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel tomography model that mainly benefits from the nonlinear magnetization response of magnetic nanoparticles under a dramatically changing magnetic field. Low-cost and compact system construction is beneficial to the application of education, biomedical research, preclinical and clinical medicine. Conversely, many aspects of the production cost, infrastructure requirements, and distributed measurements can be prohibitively expensive for them. In this article, a low-cost, compact tabletop MPI scanner based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) framework with an Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) cores was proposed to address these issues. First, the proposed low-cost MPI scanner was realized by substituting discrete elements, which is affordable to cover the most economically underdeveloped regions. Besides, the ARM cores embedded in the FPGA framework which has the inherent advantages of low-power operation, are exploited to execute high-power real-time data transmission tasks instead of conventional X86. And a customized tabletop MPI system was constructed via the proposed architecture for advanced distributed MPI research. Simulative vessel experiments with commercial superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been performed in the proposed system by vessel phantoms. The experimental images showed that the proposed system could achieved an image resolution of approximately 2 mm, which can distinguish spatial locations of brain veins (2–4 mm in diameter). Moreover, the experiment of distributed transmission showed that the proposed system could perform the collection and transmission of distributed particle signals based on the inherent user datagram protocol (UDP) network transmission protocol with an average round trip time (RTT) of 28.044 ms. Hence, the proposed system has the potential to apply the network cloud to get distributed biomedical information for remote education or diagnosis.