A Novel and Low-Cost Sea Ice Mass Balance Buoy
A Novel and Low-Cost Sea Ice Mass Balance Buoy
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DOI：
10.1175/jtech-d-13-00058.1
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Mackenzie, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson, Keith;Wilkinson, Jeremy;Mackenzie, David
要了解海冰物质平衡过程，需要持续监测冰层厚度的季节演变。虽然在过去20年中部署的自主冰质量平衡浮标有助于科学家了解冰的生长和衰退过程，但部署一直受到此类系统成本的限制。通过可靠和负担得起的自主仪器网络，可以在整个海盆范围内对冰盖进行常规监测。本文描述了一种新型的自主平台和传感器的开发，它使用一系列廉价的数字温度芯片传感器通过单线数据总线连接，取代了传统的热敏电阻串，用于监测冰雪中的温度分布。通过在每个传感器中安装加热元件，该仪器即使在等温条件下也能够解析材料界面(例如，空气-雪和冰-海洋边界)。该仪器体积小、成本低、易于部署。现场和实验室的传感器链测试表明，该技术可以可靠地将材料边界分辨到几厘米以内。在一些部署中，基于传感器热响应的不同介质之间的区分很弱，优化性能的努力仍在继续。
The understanding of sea ice mass balance processes requires continuous monitoring of the seasonal evolution of the ice thickness. While autonomous ice mass balance (IMB) buoys deployed over the past two decades have contributed to scientists' understanding of ice growth and decay processes, deployment has been limited, in part, by the cost of such systems. Routine, basinwide monitoring of the ice cover is realistically achievable through a network of reliable and affordable autonomous instrumentation. This paper describes the development of a novel autonomous platform and sensor that replaces the traditional thermistor strings for monitoring temperature profiles in the ice and snow using a chain of inexpensive digital temperature chip sensors linked by a single-wire data bus. By incorporating a heating element into each sensor, the instrument is capable of resolving material interfaces (e.g., air-snow and ice-ocean boundaries) even under isothermal conditions. The instrument is small, low cost, and easy to deploy. Field and laboratory tests of the sensor chain demonstrate that the technology can reliably resolve material boundaries to within a few centimeters. The discrimination between different media based on sensor thermal response is weak in some deployments and efforts to optimize the performance continue.