Sir James Steuart: Nine Letters on the American Conflict, 1775-1778
Sir James Steuart: Nine Letters on the American Conflict, 1775-1778
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詹姆斯·斯图尔特爵士：关于美国冲突的九封信，1775 年至 1778 年
DOI：
10.2307/2946942
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Skinner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Raynor;A. Skinner
苏格兰政治经济学家詹姆斯·斯图尔特爵士（Sir James Steuart，1713 - 1780）主要因其《政治经济学原理》（Principles of Political Oeconomy，1767）而被人们所铭记，这是苏格兰人在18世纪就这一主题撰写的两部系统性著作之一。它最终被亚当·斯密的《国富论》（1776年）所取代。斯密对古典政治经济学的主要影响可以追溯到19世纪的前20年，这可能归因于他的分析工具的完整性和现代性，以及他对自由贸易的倡导。似乎是过时的，并具有干预主义的观点，这是不可接受的，甚至'的评论家I767.2然而，斯图尔特和史密斯有很多在共同两人都认为，英国不太可能通过武力征服美洲殖民者或获得稳定的政治解决方案，并且两人都愿意在英国成功或美国独立的情况下提供自由贸易条件。斯图尔特出生于一个显赫的法律的家庭。他的祖父詹姆斯·斯图尔特爵士（Sir James Steuart）曾是苏格兰的辩护律师，他的父亲詹姆斯·斯图尔特（James Steuart）在1709年至1717年期间担任司法部副部长。3斯图尔特的父亲娶了最高会议法院院长、北贝里克的休·达林普尔爵士的长女安妮·达林普尔（经济学家的母亲），进一步加强了他与法律的联系。1735年，22岁的斯图尔特通过了律师资格考试，他似乎已经踏上了一条道路，这条道路将使他成为一名杰出的律师，并使他能够追随祖先的脚步。相反，他选择踏上了国外之旅
T SHE Scottish political economist Sir James Steuart (I713-I780) is remembered primarily for his Principles of Political Oeconomy (I767), which is one of two great systematic treatises on the subject written by Scotsmen in the eighteenth century. It was eventually eclipsed by Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations (I776). Smith's dominant influence on classical political economy, which dates from the first two decades of the nineteenth century, may be attributed to the completeness and modernity of his analytical apparatus and to his advocacy of free trade.1 In contrast, Steuart's system, which Smith ignored, appeared to be outdated and featured an interventionist perspective that was unacceptable even'to the reviewers of I767.2 Yet Steuart and Smith had much in common. Both men were of the opinion that Britain was unlikely to subdue the American colonists or gain a stable political solution by force of arms, and both were willing to offer liberal terms of trade in the event of either British success or American Independence. Steuart was born into a prominent legal family. His grandfather, Sir James Steuart, had been lord advocate of Scotland, and his father, also James, had served as solicitor general from I709 to I7I7.3 The link with the law was further enhanced when Steuart's father married Anne Dalrymple (the economist's mother), the eldest daughter of the lord president of the Court of Session, Sir Hugh Dalrymple of North Berwick. Steuart passed the bar examinations in I735, at age twenty-two, and seemed set upon a course that would bring him distinction as an advocate and enable him to follow in the footsteps of his forebears. Instead, he chose to embark on a foreign tour