Facilitation in Word Recognition: Experiments Causing Change in the Logogen Model
Facilitation in Word Recognition: Experiments Causing Change in the Logogen Model
复制标题
促进单词识别：引起Logogen模型变化的实验
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Morton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Morton
语标被定义为使一个特定的言语反应可以从任何来源获得的单位。最简单的理论立场是，它负责通过经验或生产的话促进和词频效应。因此，响应于图片而产生单词对于单词的后续视觉持续时间阈值应当具有与阅读单词的效果相等的效果。温尼克和丹尼尔（1970）的一项实验与这一要求背道而驰。这个实验已经被重复，和其他实验表明，通道特异性的促进。这些结果迫使适应两个输入logogen和一个输出logogen的理论，以取代原来的单一结构。促进图片识别的实验表明，至少有两个相关的水平和双向独立的图片和文字识别。
语标模型（Morton，1964，1968，1969，1978）已经发展到解释（或响应）单词识别领域的各种现象。该模型的核心部分是语标系统，它由负责在适当的时候产生语音代码的装置组成。语标所涉及的语言单位大致上是一个词。因此，如果说“chair”这个词，如果出现字母序列CHAIR，如果有人被要求说出物体的名字或自由联想到“table”，或者如果这个词出现在自发的言语中，那么同一个语标是最终负责的。由于它避免了对一个词的语音代码的多重表示的需要，这显然是最经济的假设。
The logogen has been defined as the unit which makes a particular verbal response available from whatever source. The simplest theoretical position has been that it was responsible for facilitation and the word frequency effect through either the experience or the production of words. ThuSj producing a word in response to a picture should have an effect equal to that of reading the word, on the subsequent visual duration threshold of the word. An experiment by Winnick and Daniel (1970) goes against this requirement. This experiment has been replicated, and other experiments indicate modality specificity in facilitation. These results force the adaptation to the theory of two input logogens and an output logogen to replace the original single structure. Experiments on facilitation of picture recognition indicate at least two relevant levels and a two-way independence of picture and word recognition.
The logogen model (Morton, 1964, 1968, 1969, 1978) has been evolved to account for (or in response to) a wide variety of phenomena in the area of word recognition. The focal part of the model, the logogen system, is made up of devices which are responsible for producing a phonological code whenever appropriate. The linguistic unit with which the logogen is concerned is, roughly, a word. Thus, if the word “chair” is spoken, if the letter sequence CHAIR is presented, if someone is asked to name the object or free associate to “table,” or if the word arises in spontaneous speech, the same logogen is terminally responsible. Since it obviates the need for multiple representations of the phonological code for a word, this is clearly the most economical hypothesis.