Seasonal mortality and the effect of body size: a review and an empirical test using individual data on brown trout
Seasonal mortality and the effect of body size: a review and an empirical test using individual data on brown trout
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01416.x
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Vollestad, L. Asbjorn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carlson, Stephanie M.;Olsen, Esben M.;Vollestad, L. Asbjorn
1. 对于生活在强烈季节性环境中的生物，越冬死亡率被认为是严重的，并且依赖于体型，体型较大的个体被认为比体型较小的同种个体存活率更高。尽管这些观点在文献中具有直观的吸引力和普遍性，但很少有研究正式验证这些假设。我们在这里测试了这两种假设在河流栖息的鲑鱼中的支持。特别是，我们结合了一项实证研究，在这项研究中，我们追踪了多个季节和多年来单独标记的褐鳟的命运，并进行了文献综述，在文献综述中，我们汇编了以前所有有关溪流鲑鱼的研究结果。我们报告越冬死亡率并不总是超过其他季节的死亡率。这一结果既来自我们自己的研究，也来自我们对以往研究的回顾，这些研究主要关注冬季存活率是否低于其他季节的存活率。我们还报告说，就生存而言，并不总是越大越好。事实上，越大越糟。同样，这一结果既来自我们自己的实证工作，也来自对以往关注规模与生存之间关系的研究的汇编。我们认为这些结果并非完全出乎意料，因为自我维持的种群可能适应了它们所经历的环境条件中可预测的季节性变化。
1. For organisms inhabiting strongly seasonal environments, over-winter mortality is thought to be severe and size-dependent, with larger individuals presumed to survive at a higher rate than smaller conspecifics. Despite the intuitive appeal and prevalence of these ideas in the literature, few studies have formally tested these hypotheses.2. We here tested the support for these two hypotheses in stream-dwelling salmonids. In particular, we combined an empirical study in which we tracked the fate of individually-marked brown trout across multiple seasons and multiple years with a literature review in which we compiled the results of all previous pertinent research in stream-dwelling salmonids.3. We report that over-winter mortality does not consistently exceed mortality during other seasons. This result emerged from both our own research as well as our review of previous research focusing on whether winter survival is lower than survival during other seasons.4. We also report that bigger is not always better in terms of survival. Indeed, bigger is often worse. Again, this result emerged from both our own empirical work as well as the compilation of previous research focusing on the relationship between size and survival.5. We suggest that these results are not entirely unexpected because self-sustaining populations are presumably adapted to the predictable seasonal variation in environmental conditions that they experience.