Decorrelation and efficient coding by retinal ganglion cells.

Decorrelation and efficient coding by retinal ganglion cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3064
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发表时间:
2012-03-11
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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一个有影响力的视觉处理理论认为,视网膜中心-周围感受野消除了视觉世界中的空间相关性,产生了比相应图像像素冗余度更小的神经节细胞尖峰序列。对于明亮的高对比度图像,这种去相关将提高有限容量的视神经纤维的编码效率。在这里,我们测试的理论的中心预测,并证明视网膜神经节细胞的尖峰列车确实是去相关的视觉输入相比。然而,大多数去相关不是由感受野完成的,而是由视网膜中的非线性处理完成的。我们发现,陡峭的响应阈值提高了有效的编码噪声尖峰列车,这种非线性的效果是接近最佳的蝾螈和猕猴视网膜。这些结果提供了一个解释稀疏的视网膜锋电位列车,并强调了治疗的神经代码的完整的非线性字符的重要性。
An influential theory of visual processing asserts that retinal center-surround receptive fields remove spatial correlations in the visual world, producing ganglion cell spike trains that are less redundant than the corresponding image pixels. For bright, high-contrast images, this decorrelation would enhance coding efficiency in optic nerve fibers of limited capacity. Here we test the central prediction of the theory and demonstrate that the spike trains of retinal ganglion cells are indeed decorrelated compared to the visual input. However, most of the decorrelation is accomplished not by the receptive fields, but by nonlinear processing in the retina. We show that a steep response threshold enhances efficient coding by noisy spike trains, and the effect of this nonlinearity is near optimal in both salamander and macaque retina. These results offer an explanation for the sparseness of retinal spike trains, and highlight the importance of treating the full nonlinear character of neural codes.
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