Natural history of Homo erectus
Natural history of Homo erectus
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.10399
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ant贸n, SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ant贸n, SC
我们对H.今天的直立猿人与1894年描述的直立猿人有很大的不同。自其同义化为人属以来，对该物种及其分布的看法从一个单一的、广泛分布的、多型的物种最终成为后来所有人属的祖先，到一个衍生的、区域性的孤立物种最终边缘于后来的人属进化。本文回顾了一个经过修订的年代地层框架和最近直接或间接重建生活史模式的工作，并回顾了H.直立人，被用来生成该物种的自然历史。在这里，我认为H。直立人是一种人类，以其增加的身体尺寸而闻名，起源于非洲最晚的上新世/最早的更新世，并迅速分散到西亚和东亚。它也是一个越来越衍生的人类，有几个区域变体，通过间歇性的隔离来维持，特别是在东南亚。这一观点与目前的几种观点不同，尤其是与只承认更新世中一个单一的人类物种H。智人，以及那些将H原子化的人。把直立人分成多种分类群。继Jolly（[2001] Yrbk Phys Anthropol 44：177-204）之后，H.直立人可能被有效地视为地理上的替代异源类群，而不是无法解决的物种争论的焦点。这样的观点使我们能够专注于当地群体的适应和生物学，包括地理隔离和当地适应的问题。一些问题仍未解决，包括早期非洲和格鲁吉亚记录中大小和形状多样性的意义。(C)2003 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Our view of H. erectus is vastly different today than when Pithecanthrop us erectus was described in 1894. Since its synonimization into Homo, views of the species and its distribution have varied from a single, widely dispersed, polytypic species ultimately ancestral to all later Homo, to a derived, regional isolate ultimately marginal to later hominin evolution. A revised chronostratigraphic framework and recent work bearing either directly or indirectly on reconstructions of life-history patterns are reviewed here and, together with a review of the cranial and postcranial anatomy of H. erectus, are used to generate a natural history of the species. Here I argue that H. erectus is a hominin, notable for its increased body size, that originates in the latest Pliocene/earliest Pleistocene of Africa and quickly disperses into Western and Eastern Asia. It is also an increasingly derived hominin with several regional morphs sustained by intermittent isolation, particularly in Southeast Asia. This view differs from several current views, most especially that which recognizes only a single hominin species in the Pleistocene, H. sapiens, and those which would atomize H. erectus into a multiplicity of taxa. Following Jolly ([2001] Yrbk Phys Anthropol 44:177-204), the regional morphs of H. erectus may be productively viewed as geographically replacing allotaxa, rather than as the focus of unresolvable species debates. Such a view allows us to focus on the adaptations and biology of local groups, including questions of biogeographic isolation and local adaptation. A number of issues remain unresolved, including the significance of diversity in size and shape in the early African and Georgian records. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.