The 'sensory tolerance limit': A hypothetical construct determining exercise performance?
The 'sensory tolerance limit': A hypothetical construct determining exercise performance?
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DOI：
10.1080/17461391.2016.1252428
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Amann M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hureau TJ;Romer LM;Amann M
神经肌肉疲劳影响运动表现，并由中枢和外周机制决定。疲劳的两个组成部分之间的相互作用可以通过神经通路发生，包括反馈和前馈过程。本文简要讨论了反馈和前馈机制对运动限制的影响。在反馈机制方面，特别关注的是连接肢体肌肉和中枢神经系统的III/IV组感觉神经元。中枢必然放电是神经驱动从大脑到工作肌肉的复制，从运动系统向感觉系统提供信号，被认为是一种前馈机制，可能影响疲劳，从而影响运动表现。我们重点介绍了疲劳相关反馈和前馈机制研究的最新发现，并讨论了它们与先前提出的假设的相关性，即“外周疲劳的临界阈值”和/或“感觉耐受极限”可能调节神经肌肉疲劳并最终调节运动表现。“外周疲劳临界阈值”的概念是基于这样一种观点，即在全身运动过程中，一个负反馈回路可以保护运动的肢体肌肉免受对肌肉稳态的严重威胁。“感觉容忍极限”的概念可以被视为一个更全面的负反馈循环，表明所有反馈和前馈信号的总和在中枢神经系统内进行处理，最终调节运动强度，以确保自愿活动保持可容忍性。
Neuromuscular fatigue compromises exercise performance and is determined by central and peripheral mechanisms. Interactions between the two components of fatigue can occur via neural pathways, including feedback and feedforward processes. This brief review discusses the influence of feedback and feedforward mechanisms on exercise limitation. In terms of feedback mechanisms, particular attention is given to group III/IV sensory neurons which link limb muscle with the central nervous system. Central corollary discharge, a copy of the neural drive from the brain to the working muscles, provides a signal from the motor system to sensory systems and is considered a feedforward mechanism that might influence fatigue and consequently exercise performance. We highlight recent findings from studies focusing on fatigue-related feedback and feedforward mechanisms and discuss their relevance for the previously proposed hypotheses that a ‘critical threshold of peripheral fatigue’ and/or a ‘sensory tolerance limit’ may regulate neuromuscular fatigue and ultimately exercise performance. The concept of a ‘critical threshold of peripheral fatigue’ is based on the idea that a negative feedback loop operates to protect the exercising limb muscle from severe threats to muscle homeostasis during whole-body exercise. The concept of a ‘sensory tolerance limit’ can be viewed as a more global negative feedback loop suggesting that the sum of all feedback and feedforward signals is processed within the central nervous system which ultimately regulates the intensity of exercise to ensure that voluntary activity remains tolerable.