Occurrence of aflatoxins, fumonisin B1, and zearalenone in foods and feeds in Botswana.
Occurrence of aflatoxins, fumonisin B1, and zearalenone in foods and feeds in Botswana.
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博茨瓦纳食品和饲料中存在黄曲霉毒素、伏马菌素 B1 和玉米赤霉烯酮。
DOI：
10.4315/0362-028x-61.12.1670
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Getachew Teffera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Siame;S. Mpuchane;B. Gashe;J. Allotey;Getachew Teffera
高粱和玉米是博茨瓦纳的主要膳食主食。其他产品，如花生、花生酱、phane（皇帝蛾 Imbrasia belina Westwood 的可食用幼虫阶段）和豆类（豇豆和蚕豆）也广泛用作食品和饲料制造。对这些重要的食品和饲料商品中是否存在黄曲霉毒素、伏马菌素 B1 和玉米赤霉烯酮进行了分析。 40% 的分析样品中检测出黄曲霉毒素。总黄曲霉毒素浓度范围为0.1至64微克/公斤。平均浓度范围为高粱中的 0.3 微克/千克至花生酱中的 23 微克/千克。花生酱样品污染最严重（71%）。玉米中未检出黄曲霉毒素。 36% 的样品中检测到伏马菌素 B1。玉米样品污染最严重（占样品的 85%），浓度范围为 20 至 1,270 微克/千克。花生、花烷和豆类中未检测到伏马菌素 B1。仅在 2.6% 的分析样品中发现玉米赤霉烯酮，浓度为 40 微克/千克。黄曲霉毒素是博茨瓦纳食品和饲料中最常见的毒素。然而，伏马菌素 B1 在玉米中比黄曲霉毒素或玉米赤霉烯酮更普遍。
Sorghum and maize form the main dietary staple foods in Botswana. Other products such as peanuts, peanut butter, phane (an edible larval stage of an emperor moth Imbrasia belina Westwood), and pulses (cowpeas and beans) are also widely used as food and for the manufacture of feeds. These important food and feed commodities were analyzed for the presence of aflatoxins, fumonisin B1, and zearalenone. Aflatoxins were detected in 40% of the samples analyzed. The concentration of total aflatoxins ranged from 0.1 to 64 microg/kg. The mean concentration ranged from 0.3 microg/kg in sorghum to 23 microg/kg in peanut butter. Peanut butter samples were the most contaminated (71%). No aflatoxins were detected in maize. Fumonisin B1 was detected in 36% of the samples. Maize samples were the most contaminated (85% of the samples) with the concentration ranging from 20 to 1,270 microg/kg. No fumonisin B1 was detected in peanuts, phane, and beans. Zearalenone was only found in 2.6% of the samples analyzed at 40 microg/kg. Aflatoxins were the most common toxins detected in foods and feeds in Botswana. However, fumonisin B1 was more prevalent in maize than aflatoxins or zearalenone.