The impact of ridesourcing on equity and sustainability in North American cities: A systematic review of the literature
The impact of ridesourcing on equity and sustainability in North American cities: A systematic review of the literature
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cities.2022.104122
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发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Rachel G. McKane;David Hess
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rachel G. McKane;David Hess
近年来，对乘车服务的研究呈指数级增长。这项研究详细介绍了对161篇关于乘车服务的出版物进行系统审查的结果，这些出版物探讨了北美城市的环境可持续性和公平性。我们确定了五个主要的研究领域。首先，乘车服务与两种模式的转变有关：出租车行业的衰落和与公共交通乘客量的更复杂的关联。其次，一些研究记录了工人的权利和临时工的挑战。第三，人口研究表明，搭车和富裕的乘客之间的关联，空间分析表明，搭车可能会加剧城市现有的不平等模式。第四，乘车外包在改善环境可持续性方面的说法值得怀疑：它对车辆拥有量的影响很小，但它增加了与空驶相关的排放，而集中服务并没有减少车辆行驶里程。第五，网约车公司也倾向于反对监管回应和与潜在监管机构共享数据。评论最后对未来研究领域提出了建议。
Research on ridesourcing has grown exponentially in recent years. This study details the results of a systematic review of 161 publications on ridesourcing that explore environmental sustainability and equity in North American cities. We identify five main areas of research. First, ridesourcing is associated with two modal shifts: a decline of the taxi industry and a more complicated association with public transit ridership. Second, several studies have documented workers' rights and the challenges of contingent labor. Third, demographic studies show associations between ridesouring and affluent riders, and spatial analyses indicate that ridesourcing may exacerbate existing patterns of inequity in cities. Fourth, ridesourcing has dubious claims to improve environmental sustainability: it has only a small effect on vehicle ownership, but it increases emissions associated with deadheading, and pooled services do not reduce vehicle miles traveled. Fifth, ridesourcing companies also tend to oppose regulatory responses and sharing data with potential regulators. The review concludes with suggestions on areas for future research.