Building a feral future: Open questions in crop ferality
Building a feral future: Open questions in crop ferality
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DOI：
10.1002/ppp3.10367
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发表时间：
2023-03-09
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
McAlvay，Alex C. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mabry，Makenzie E. E.;Bagavathiannan，Muthukumar V. V.;McAlvay，Alex C. C.
社会影响声明鉴于与气候变化相关的干旱和温度压力迅速增加，粮食安全的创新方法势在必行。一个未充分研究的机会是利用野生作物-植物逃脱，并坚持没有培养-作为遗传多样性的来源，这可能会建立在驯化同种恢复力。然而，在某些情况下，野生植物作为杂草与作物激烈竞争，对粮食安全构成挑战。通过将历史上孤立的生态学、农艺学和进化研究路线与野生作物联系起来，有机会改善粮食安全，并了解这种相对缺乏研究的人为现象。概述野生作物现象，即在种植之外建立的自由生活种群，研究不足。一些研究人员关注驯化的负面影响，而另一些人则断言野生种群可能成为未来作物改良的有用遗传多样性库。虽然野生作物和野生化过程的研究在过去二十年中取得了迅速进展，但由于缺乏跨作物物种和其他因素的比较研究，可推广的见解受到限制。为了促进这一主题的国际研究协调，我们总结了目前的状态，野生化研究和规划的路线，通过整合在该领域的突出问题，为未来的研究。这些问题出现在2021年植物学会议上的“达尔文逆转：我们现在对Feralization和作物野生亲缘关系的了解”座谈会上，分为七类，涵盖基础和应用研究：（1）野性的定义和驱动因素，（2）遗传结构和途径，（3）进化历史和地理学，（4）农艺学和育种，（5）基础和应用生态学，（6）收集和保护，（7）分类学和最佳实践。这些问题是野生性研究人员协调这些领域研究的基础，可能会对气候变化下的粮食安全做出重大贡献。
Societal Impact StatementGiven the rapidly increasing drought and temperature stresses associated with climate change, innovative approaches for food security are imperative. One understudied opportunity is using feral crops—plants that have escaped and persisted without cultivation—as a source of genetic diversity, which could build resilience in domesticated conspecifics. In some cases, however, feral plants vigorously compete with crops as weeds, challenging food security. By bridging historically siloed ecological, agronomic, and evolutionary lines of inquiry into feral crops, there is the opportunity to improve food security and understand this relatively understudied anthropogenic phenomenon.SummaryThe phenomenon of feral crops, that is, free‐living populations that have established outside cultivation, is understudied. Some researchers focus on the negative consequences of domestication, whereas others assert that feral populations may serve as useful pools of genetic diversity for future crop improvement. Although research on feral crops and the process of feralization has advanced rapidly in the last two decades, generalizable insights have been limited by a lack of comparative research across crop species and other factors. To improve international coordination of research on this topic, we summarize the current state of feralization research and chart a course for future study by consolidating outstanding questions in the field. These questions, which emerged from the colloquium “Darwins' reversals: What we now know about Feralization and Crop Wild Relatives” at the BOTANY 2021 conference, fall into seven categories that span both basic and applied research: (1) definitions and drivers of ferality, (2) genetic architecture and pathway, (3) evolutionary history and biogeography, (4) agronomy and breeding, (5) fundamental and applied ecology, (6) collecting and conservation, and (7) taxonomy and best practices. These questions serve as a basis for ferality researchers to coordinate research in these areas, potentially resulting in major contributions to food security in the face of climate change.