A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont
A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont
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DOI：
10.1038/417063a
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发表时间：
2002-05-02
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Stetter, KO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huber, H;Hohn, MJ;Stetter, KO
根据小亚基核糖体RNA （ss rRNA）序列比较，所有已知的古生菌都属于绿古菌门、Euryarchaeota门，并且仅通过环境DNA序列表明属于Korarchaeota（1,2）。在这里，我们报道了从海底热喷口培养出一种新的纳米级超嗜热古菌。这个古菌不可能隶属于这些群体中的任何一个，因此必须代表一个未知的门，我们称之为“纳米古菌”和物种，我们称之为“纳米古菌马”。N. equitans的细胞是球形的，直径只有400nm左右。它们附着在一种特殊的古细菌宿主的表面上生长，这是一种新成员的Ignicoccus(3)。到目前为止，“纳米古菌”的分布尚不清楚。由于其不寻常的ss rRNA序列，成员仍然无法检测到常用的基于聚合酶链反应的生态学研究(4)。“N. equitans”拥有最小的古细菌基因组；它的大小只有0.5兆。这种生物将为研究嗜热性、微小基因组和物种间交流的进化提供洞见。
According to small subunit ribosomal RNA (ss rRNA) sequence comparisons all known Archaea belong to the phyla Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and-indicated only by environmental DNA sequences-to the 'Korarchaeota'(1,2). Here we report the cultivation of a new nanosized hyperthermophilic archaeon from a submarine hot vent. This archaeon cannot be attached to one of these groups and therefore must represent an unknown phylum which we name 'Nanoarchaeota' and species, which we name 'Nanoarchaeum equitans'. Cells of 'N. equitans' are spherical, and only about 400 nm in diameter. They grow attached to the surface of a specific archaeal host, a new member of the genus Ignicoccus(3) . The distribution of the 'Nanoarchaeota' is so far unknown. Owing to their unusual ss rRNA sequence, members remained undetectable by commonly used ecological studies based on the polymerase chain reaction(4). 'N. equitans' harbours the smallest archaeal genome; it is only 0.5 megabases in size. This organism will provide insight into the evolution of thermophily, of tiny genomes and of interspecies communication.