Modeling, metrics, and optimal design for solar energy-powered base station system
Modeling, metrics, and optimal design for solar energy-powered base station system
复制标题
太阳能供电基站系统的建模、度量和优化设计
DOI：
10.1186/s13638-015-0270-0
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ci Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ye Lingbao;Chen Xin;Tang Hui;Ci Song
使用可再生能源系统为蜂窝基站 (BS) 供电已被广泛认为是减少和优化 4G 及其他蜂窝通信的能源消耗以及相应的碳足迹和运营支出的有前途的途径。然而，如何设计可靠且经济的可再生能源供电（REPing），同时保证通信可靠性、可再生能源利用和系统耐用性，仍然是一个巨大的挑战。受这一挑战的启发，我们首先使用随机队列模型对太阳能供电的基站的动态能量流行为进行建模，同时考虑太阳能发电的不稳定性、储能的非线性效应和流量负载的时间变化。在此模型的基础上，定义了服务中断概率（SoP）、太阳能利用效率（SEuE）和平均放电深度（MDoD）三个关键性能指标，并推导了它们的近似表达式。最后，在定义指标的指导下，制定规模优化问题，然后我们提出资本支出（CAPEX）最小化算法来解决该问题，同时考虑通信可靠性、效率和耐用性。为了证明我们提出的指标的有效性而进行的数值结果生动地表明了设计指标和系统参数之间的密切关系。仿真结果还表明，与经典算法相比，我们提出的算法可以减少至少12.1%的CAPEX，并保证SoP低于0.82%，SEuE高于97%，MDoD在7.2%到9.1%之间，这意味着在系统可靠性、效率、耐用性和投资方面实现了优化设计。所提出的建模、设计指标和规模确定方法为REPing BS系统的实际设计提供了理论基础，也可以进一步应用于其他形式的可再生能源供电系统的场景。
Using renewable energy system in powering cellular base stations (BSs) has been widely accepted as a promising avenue to reduce and optimize energy consumption and corresponding carbon footprints and operational expenditures for 4G and beyond cellular communications. However, how to design a reliable and economical renewable energy powering (REPing), while guaranteeing communication reliability, renewable energy utilization, and system durability, is still a great challenge. Motivated by this challenge, we firstly model the dynamic energy flow behavior of solar energy-powered BS by using stochastic queue model, jointly considering instability of solar energy generation, non-linear effects of energy storage, and time varies of traffic load. On the basis of the model, three key performance metrics, including service outage probability (SoP), solar energy utilization efficiency (SEuE), and mean depth of discharge (MDoD), are defined, and close-form expressions of them are derived. Finally, under the guidelines of defined metrics, the sizing optimization problem is formulated, and then we propose the capital expenditure (CAPEX) minimization algorithm to resolve it with considerations of communication reliability, efficiency, and durability. Numerical results conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed metrics vividly showed the close relationship between design metrics and system parameters. Simulation results also showed that our proposed algorithm can reduce at least 12.1% CAPEX compared with the classic algorithms and guarantee SoP below 0.82%, SEuE above 97%, and MDoD ranging from 7.2% to 9.1%, which means that the optimal design was achieved in terms of system reliability, efficiency, durability, and investment. The proposed modeling, design metrics, and sizing method provide a theoretical basis for actual designs of REPing BS system, which also can be further applied to the scenario of other forms of renewable energy powered system.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Smith, JM;Cruz, FRB
通讯作者：
Cruz, FRB
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
S. X. Chen;H. Gooi;Nan Xia;Mingqiang Wang
通讯作者：
S. X. Chen;H. Gooi;Nan Xia;Mingqiang Wang
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
M. Sidrach‐de‐Cardona;Llanos Mora López
通讯作者：
M. Sidrach‐de‐Cardona;Llanos Mora López
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Roberto Casarin;Radu V. Craiu;Fabrizio Leisen
通讯作者：
Roberto Casarin;Radu V. Craiu;Fabrizio Leisen
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
BERTSIMAS, D;TSITSIKLIS, J
通讯作者：
TSITSIKLIS, J