β Cell GLP-1R Signaling Alters α Cell Proglucagon Processing after Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Mice.

β Cell GLP-1R Signaling Alters α Cell Proglucagon Processing after Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Mice.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.120
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发表时间:
2018-04-24
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Cummings BP
Cummings BP
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garibay D;Lou J;Lee SA;Zaborska KE;Weissman MH;Sloma E;Donahue L;Miller AD;White AC;Michael MD;Sloop KW;Cummings BP

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减肥手术,如垂直袖胃切除术(VSG),可导致2型糖尿病的高缓解率和餐后胰高血糖素样肽-1 (GLP-1)分泌的显著增加。GLP-1通过增强葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌,在胰岛功能中起关键作用;然而,机制仍然不完全确定。因此,我们将小鼠VSG模型与诱导型β细胞特异性GLP-1受体(GLP-1R)敲除小鼠模型结合,研究β细胞GLP-1R在胰岛功能中的作用。我们的数据显示,VSG后β细胞GLP-1R信号的丢失会降低α细胞GLP-1的表达。此外,我们发现VSG后β细胞glp - 1r依赖性α细胞表达GLP-1所需的激素前转化酶的增加。总之,这里的发现揭示了两个概念。首先,我们的数据支持α细胞来源的GLP-1在VSG后观察到的代谢益处中的旁分泌作用。其次,我们已经确定了β细胞GLP-1R作为α细胞胰高血糖素前加工的调节剂的作用。GLP-1增强胰岛素分泌的机制尚未完全确定。Garibay等人发现β细胞GLP-1R信号调节α细胞PC1/3的表达和GLP-1的产生,指出胰岛内旁分泌正反馈回路放大了GLP-1增强的胰岛素分泌。
Bariatric surgery, such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), causes high rates of type 2 diabetes remission and remarkable increases in postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. GLP-1 plays a critical role in islet function by potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; however, the mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Therefore, we applied a murine VSG model to an inducible β cell-specific GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) knockout mouse model to investigate the role of the β cell GLP-1R in islet function. Our data show that loss of β cell GLP-1R signaling decreases α cell GLP-1 expression after VSG. Furthermore, we find a β cell GLP-1R-dependent increase in α cell expression of the prohormone convertase required for the production of GLP-1 after VSG. Together, the findings herein reveal two concepts. First, our data support a paracrine role for α cell-derived GLP-1 in the metabolic benefits observed after VSG. Second, we have identified a role for the β cell GLP-1R as a regulator of α cell proglucagon processing. The mechanisms by which GLP-1 enhances insulin secretion remain incompletely defined. Garibay et al. show that β cell GLP-1R signaling regulates α cell PC1/3 expression and GLP-1 production, pointing to an intra-islet paracrine positive feedback loop by which GLP-1-potentiated insulin secretion is amplified.
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