The fundamentals of particle phonology
The fundamentals of particle phonology
复制标题
粒子音系学的基础
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sanford A. Schane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sanford A. Schane
粒子音系学是从我在当前生成音系学的理论和符号框架内工作时所经历的不满中发展而来的。我一直在研究影响元音和双元音的历史进程。在试图描述这些实体所经历的各种变化时，我尤其感到沮丧的是，标准记谱法无法以任何有启发性的方式描述元音的内部结构，以及特定元音和双元音之间的明显关系。第一个困难--元音内部结构的性质--不仅仅是由于一套不充分的区别特征。更确切地说，问题在于特征作为组成片段的自主构建块的概念。这种观点部分地导致了另一个困难--元音和双元音之间关系的表达。这个问题的另一个因素来自符号的限制，关于什么可以出现在箭头的左边和右边。这种符号迫使我制定规则，而这些规则的陈述往往与我对过程本质的概念不雅阁。在我看来，一个高价值的记数系统应该具有我称之为“镜像”的性质。如果一个人相信一个过程或变化是以某种方式发生的，那么符号就不应该仅仅描述那个事件，而应该尽可能地反映它发生的方式。
Particle phonology has evolved from a dissatisfaction that I experienced working within the current theoretical and notational framework of generative phonology. I had been looking at historical processes affecting vowels and diphthongs. In trying to describe the kinds of changes undergone by these entities, I was particularly frustrated by the inability of the standard notation to characterise in any enlightening way the internal structure of vowels, as well as relationships evident between particular vowels and diphthongs. The first difficulty – the nature of the internal structure of vowels – was not simply due to an inadequate set of distinctive features. Rather, the problem resided in the very notion of features as autonomous building blocks out of which segments are composed. This view contributed partially to the other difficulty – the expression of relationships between vowels and diphthongs. An additional factor to this problem came from restrictions of the notation in regard what could appear to the left and to the right of an arrow. The notation forced me to formulate rules whose statements often did not accord with my conception of the nature of the processes. It seems to me that a highly-valued notational system should have the property that I have come to call ‘mirroring’. If one believes that a process or change happens in a certain way, then the notation should not just describe that event but should reflect as closely as possible its manner of occurrence.