The incidence of GBS disease in neonates in different countries.
The incidence of GBS disease in neonates in different countries.
复制标题
不同国家新生儿 GBS 病的发病率。
DOI：
10.1159/000410356
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Mayon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Mayon
在过去的半个世纪中，GBS引起的疾病发病率的变化是一个主要的流行病学特征。GBS曾经被视为产后感染的一种罕见原因[247]，据报道，在一些医院，GBS是严重新生儿败血症的最常见原因[215，311，551]。我们关于这种疾病的流行病学的理论必须包括对发病率上升的原因的解释。我们的预防计划应该基于对发病率随时间和地点自然变化的程度的理解。评估世界各地新生儿GBS发病率的证据将是我们随后讨论的基础。“发病率”一词在流行病学上的含义是在特定时间内人口中某种疾病的新发病例数。更确切地说，适用于新生儿感染的发病率形式是发病率;也就是说，在出生后的最初几天和几周内发生临床感染的婴儿比例。在本文的第一部分，我将讨论确定发病率的一些困难。我发现，对于许多国家，我不能确定发病率为上述定义的发病率。因此，我采用了“发病率”一词的另一个更普遍的含义，即在没有估计有风险的婴儿数量的情况下发生疾病。在此基础上，第二部分对GBS病的国内外研究现状进行了综述。第三部分讨论了某些国家发病率差异的证据。最后讨论了发病率在新生儿GBS疾病研究和预防中的应用。
The change in the incidence of disease caused by GBS in the last half century is a major epidemiological feature. Once seen only as an unusual cause of postpartum infection [247] GBS has been reported as the commonest cause of severe neonatal sepsis in some hospitals [215, 311, 551]. Our theories on the epidemiology of the disease must include an explanation of why the incidence has increased. Our plans for prevention should be based on an understanding of how far the incidence naturally varies with time and place. Assessment of the evidence on the incidence of neonatal GBS disease in different parts of the world will be the foundation for our subsequent discussions.The epidemiological meaning of the word'incidence'is the number of new cases of a disease in a population within a specified period of time. More precisely, the form of incidence rate that is applicable for a neonatal infection is the attack rate; that is, the proportion of babies who develop clinical infection in the first few days and weeks of life. In the first part of this paper I shall discuss some of the difficulties in determining incidence rates. I found that for many countries I could not establish the incidence as an attack rate defined above. Therefore I took another more general meaning of the word'incidence', namely the occurrence of a disease without an estimate of the number of babies at risk. Using this meaning, a review of GBS disease around the world is made in the second part. The third section discusses the evidence on differences between attack rates in certain countries. The final part discusses the application of incidence rates in the study and prevention of neonatal GBS disease.