Hybrid incompatibilities are affected by dominance and dosage in the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia.
Hybrid incompatibilities are affected by dominance and dosage in the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia.
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DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2015.00140
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
van de Zande L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beukeboom LW;Koevoets T;Morales HE;Ferber S;van de Zande L
研究物种杂种的基因组不相容性对于理解生殖隔离和物种形成的遗传基础具有重要意义。根据哈勒定律，杂交对异配性别的影响大于同配性别。已经提出了几种理论，将杂交效应中的不对称性归因于表型（性别）或基因型（异配性）。在这里，我们调查的遗传基础的杂交基因组不相容性在单倍二倍体黄蜂Nasonia使用强大的功能，单倍体男性和性反转。我们分别调查杂合性（倍性水平）和性别的影响，通过产生性反转二倍体杂交雄性和比较他们的基因型相似的单倍体杂交雄性和二倍体杂交雌性。不育的杂种效应比不活力的杂种效应更明显，并且在单倍体雄性中特别强，但在二倍体雄性和雌性中弱到不存在，这表明强倍性水平，但没有性别特异性效应。分子标记确定了一些基因组区域与杂交不育的单倍体男性，在二倍体下消失的混合男性和女性。在某些基因组区域的显性效应挽救了杂种的不活力，但在其他区域的剂量效应加剧或减轻，与细胞核不相容性一致。在解释二倍体系统中的Halfman规则时，需要更多地考虑Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller（BDM）不相容性的剂量效应。
Study of genome incompatibilities in species hybrids is important for understanding the genetic basis of reproductive isolation and speciation. According to Haldane's rule hybridization affects the heterogametic sex more than the homogametic sex. Several theories have been proposed that attribute asymmetry in hybridization effects to either phenotype (sex) or genotype (heterogamety). Here we investigate the genetic basis of hybrid genome incompatibility in the haplodiploid wasp Nasonia using the powerful features of haploid males and sex reversal. We separately investigate the effects of heterozygosity (ploidy level) and sex by generating sex reversed diploid hybrid males and comparing them to genotypically similar haploid hybrid males and diploid hybrid females. Hybrid effects of sterility were more pronounced than of inviability, and were particularly strong in haploid males, but weak to absent in diploid males and females, indicating a strong ploidy level but no sex specific effect. Molecular markers identified a number of genomic regions associated with hybrid inviability in haploid males that disappeared under diploidy in both hybrid males and females. Hybrid inviability was rescued by dominance effects at some genomic regions, but aggravated or alleviated by dosage effects at other regions, consistent with cytonuclear incompatibilities. Dosage effects underlying Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller (BDM) incompatibilities need more consideration in explaining Haldane's rule in diploid systems.