Numerical simulation of laser machining of carbon-fibre-reinforced composites

Numerical simulation of laser machining of carbon-fibre-reinforced composites
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DOI：
10.1243/09544054jem1662
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发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Negarestani;M. Sundar;M. Sheikh;P. Mativenga;L. Li;Z. L. Li;P. L. Chu;C. C. Khin-C.;H. Zheng;G. Lim
R. Negarestani;M. Sundar;M. Sheikh;P. Mativenga;L. Li;Z. L. Li;P. L. Chu;C. C. Khin-C.;H. Zheng;G. Lim
中科院分区：
其他
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Negarestani;M. Sundar;M. Sheikh;P. Mativenga;L. Li;Z. L. Li;P. L. Chu;C. C. Khin-C.;H. Zheng;G. Lim

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摘要碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）复合材料作为高性能轻质材料在航空航天和汽车工业中的应用越来越广泛，这就要求采用高效、低成本的加工技术。由于其高速、灵活性和易于自动化，使用激光加工切割和钻孔复合材料是有吸引力的。然而，复合材料的各向异性材料特性，以及与激光加工过程中的热影响区（HAZ）、炭化和潜在分层相关的问题，是其工业应用的主要障碍。为了提高CFRP激光加工的质量和尺寸精度，了解瞬时热行为的机理及其对材料去除的影响非常重要。基于有限元（FE）方法的“单元死亡”技术，首次在非均匀纤维矩阵网格上建立了模拟瞬态温度场和随后的材料去除的三维模型。除了瞬态温度场之外，该模型还预测了激光加工过程中热影响区的尺寸。使用355 nm DPSS Nd：YVO4激光器在相同工艺参数下获得的实验结果被用来验证该模型。在此基础上，提出了激光复合加工的材料去除机理。结果表明，所采用的有限元方法可以用来模拟脉冲激光切割纤维增强聚合物复合材料。
Abstract The growing use of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites as high-performance lightweight materials in aerospace and automotive industries demands efficient and low-cost machining technologies. The use of laser machining for cutting and drilling composites is attractive owing to its high speed, flexibility, and ease of automation. However, the anisotropic material properties of composites, and issues related to the heat-affected zone (HAZ), charring, and potential delamination during laser processing, are major obstacles in its industrial applications. In order to improve the quality and dimensional accuracy of CFRP laser machining, it is important to understand the mechanism of the transient thermal behaviour and its effect on material removal. Based on the ‘element death’ technique of the finite element (FE) method, a three-dimensional model for simulating the transient temperature field and subsequent material removal has been developed, for the first time, on a heterogeneous fibre—matrix mesh. In addition to the transient temperature field, the model also predicts the dimensions of the HAZ during the laser machining process. Experimental results obtained with same process variables using a 355 nm DPSS Nd:YVO4 laser were used to validate the model. Based on the investigation, the mechanism of material removal in laser composite machining is proposed. The results suggest that the employed FE approach can be used to simulate pulsed laser cutting of fibre-reinforced polymer composites.