Synoptic Characteristics of Surge-Producing Extratropical Cyclones along the Northeast Coast of the United States
Synoptic Characteristics of Surge-Producing Extratropical Cyclones along the Northeast Coast of the United States
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DOI：
10.1175/jamc-d-17-0123.1
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
A. Catalano;A. Broccoli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Catalano;A. Broccoli
摘要温带气旋（ETC）是造成美国东北部大部分大型风暴潮事件的原因。本研究使用 ERA-20c 再分析和 NOAA 验潮仪数据来检查美国东北海岸三个地点伴随着 100 次最大的 ETC 驱动的潮汐事件的当地、区域和大规模大气环流：弗吉尼亚州 Sewells Point（诺福克）；炮台（纽约），纽约；和马萨诸塞州波士顿。 k 均值聚类分析的结果表明，当缓慢传播的 ETC 遇到强反气旋时，会产生最大的浪涌，从而产生更小的压力梯度和更长的陆上风持续时间。反气旋的强度在对流层中层和上层非常明显，大多数星团和几乎所有排名前五的涌浪事件的表面反气旋上都存在 500 hPa 位势高度正异常。多个集群的特点是风暴速度比平均速度慢，并且强度...
AbstractExtratropical cyclones (ETCs) are responsible for most of the large storm surge events in the northeastern United States. This study uses ERA-20c reanalysis and NOAA tide gauge data to examine the local, regional, and large-scale atmospheric circulation accompanying the 100 largest ETC-driven surge events at three locations along the northeast coast of the United States: Sewells Point (Norfolk), Virginia; The Battery (New York), New York; and Boston, Massachusetts. Results from a k-means cluster analysis indicate that the largest surges are generated when slowly propagating ETCs encounter a strong anticyclone, which produces a tighter pressure gradient and longer duration of onshore winds. The strength of the anticyclone is evident in the middle and upper troposphere where there are positive 500 hPa geopotential height anomalies overlying the surface anticyclone for the majority of clusters and nearly all of the top-five surge events. Multiple clusters feature a slower than average storm and a str...