Petroleum in the deep sea environment: potential for damage to biota.
Petroleum in the deep sea environment: potential for damage to biota.
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DOI：
10.1016/0160-4120(80)90047-1
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Karinen, J.F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karinen, J.F.
关于石油碳氢化合物在浅海环境中的归宿、持久性和生物影响的信息，加上最近关于碳氢化合物在近海沉积物中的分布和深海生物学的数据，为石油对深海环境的潜在影响提供了新的视角。对有关深海沉积物中的石油碳氢化合物、石油向深海海底迁移的机制、石油碳氢化合物与微粒物质的相互作用以及深海鱼类和甲壳类动物的生理学和新陈代谢的文献进行了审查，得出以下结论：明显人为来源的碳氢化合物正在以未知的速度在沿海边缘的底层沉积物和更深的近海沃茨中积累。石油碳氢化合物迅速迁移到深海海底有几种机制。石油碳氢化合物与海洋中的颗粒物质密切相关，其行为与天然生物物质基本相同，并有可能改变或中断自然过程。深海生命形式的独特生理机能增加了石油碳氢化合物对深海环境产生不利影响的可能性。有必要确定深海沉积物中碳氢化合物沉积的时间和空间趋势，并评估这种异生化合物的引入对地球上最大环境的生物影响。
Information on the fate, persistence and biological impact of petroleum hydrocarbons in shallow marine environments, coupled with recent data on hydrocarbonsin offshore sediments and the biology of deep sea organisms, have provided new perspectives on the potential impact of oil on the deep sea environment. A review of literature on petroleum hydrocarbons in deep sea sediments, mechanisms for transport of petroleum to the deep sea floor, interaction of petroleum hydrocarbons and particulate matter, and the physiology and metabolism of deep sea fish and crustaceans has resulted in the following conclusions:1.1. Hydrocarbons of apparent anthropogenic origin are accumulating in bottom sediments of coastal margins and in deeper offshore waters at unknown rates.2.2. Several mechanisms exist for the rapid transport of petroleum hydrocarbons to the deep sea floor.3.3. Petroleum hydrocarbons are intimately associated with particulate matter in the sea, behaving much the same as natural biogenic material and having the potential to modify or interrupt natural processes.4.4. The unique physiology of deep water life forms increases the potential for adverse impact of petroleum hydrocarbons on the deep sea environment.5.5. There is a need to determine trends of temporal and spatial deposition of hydrocarbons in deep sea sediments and evaluate the biological impact of this introduction of xenobiotic compounds on the largest environment on earth.