Efficient coding of spatial information in the primate retina.
Efficient coding of spatial information in the primate retina.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4036-12.2012
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发表时间：
2012-11-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Simoncelli EP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doi E;Gauthier JL;Field GD;Shlens J;Sher A;Greschner M;Machado TA;Jepson LH;Mathieson K;Gunning DE;Litke AM;Paninski L;Chichilnisky EJ;Simoncelli EP
感觉神经元被假设能够有效地编码来自自然环境的信号，并受到资源限制。这种关于视觉系统空间过滤特性的有效编码假设的预测已经被发现与人类感知一致，但它们还没有直接与神经反应进行比较。本文分析了在视网膜神经节细胞数量、总响应方差和总突触强度三种资源约束下，视网膜神经节细胞向大脑传递的自然图像空间信息。我们推导了一个优化传递信息的模型，并将其与灵长类视网膜中锥体光感受器和四种主要神经节细胞之间完整功能连接的测量结果直接进行了比较，这些数据是在单细胞分辨率下获得的。我们发现，相对于模型，神经节细胞群在传递空间信息方面表现出80%的效率。视网膜和模型在相同细胞类型的神经节细胞之间均表现出高度冗余（~30%）。一种新颖而独特的有效编码预测，即单个视锥细胞对所有神经节细胞的投影模式之间的关系，与在视网膜中观察到的投影模式一致。这些结果表明视网膜的视觉信号具有接近最佳冗余的高水平效率。
Sensory neurons have been hypothesized to efficiently encode signals from the natural environment subject to resource constraints. The predictions of this efficient coding hypothesis regarding the spatial filtering properties of the visual system have been found consistent with human perception, but they have not been compared directly with neural responses. Here, we analyze the information that retinal ganglion cells transmit to the brain about the spatial information in natural images subject to three resource constraints: the number of retinal ganglion cells, their total response variances, and their total synaptic strengths. We derive a model that optimizes the transmitted information and compare it directly with measurements of complete functional connectivity between cone photoreceptors and the four major types of ganglion cells in the primate retina, obtained at single-cell resolution. We find that the ganglion cell population exhibited 80% efficiency in transmitting spatial information relative to the model. Both the retina and the model exhibited high redundancy (~30%) among ganglion cells of the same cell type. A novel and unique prediction of efficient coding, the relationships between projection patterns of individual cones to all ganglion cells, was consistent with the observed projection patterns in the retina. These results indicate a high level of efficiency with near-optimal redundancy in visual signaling by the retina.