Lessons learned from radiation risk communication activities regarding the Fukushima nuclear accident
Lessons learned from radiation risk communication activities regarding the Fukushima nuclear accident
复制标题
从福岛核事故辐射风险沟通活动中汲取的经验教训
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Kunugita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Yamaguchi;T. Shimura;H. Terada;E. Svendsen;N. Kunugita
简介：福岛核灾难给日本社会带来了诸多困难，如心理健康问题、核灾难恢复阶段的次生健康问题等。为了促进平衡的公共卫生政策，需要健全的风险沟通战略。研究方法：通过使用PubMed医学期刊电子数据库，在科学文献中对福岛核灾难后关于辐射风险沟通的风险沟通指南和公共卫生活动进行了审查，以澄清当前对风险沟通问题的看法。结果如下：人们一致认识到风险沟通在福岛事故中的适用性和重要性，这一点在每份指南和期刊文章中显而易见，其中包括MeSH主要主题“辐射”和“沟通”以及术语“辐射”。福岛”[所有字段]。日本风险沟通指南的基本概念与其他国际组织发布的指南一致。讨论内容：准则中提出的这些风险沟通原则有助于在当地社区建立良好做法，以增强居民权能和加强社区功能，从而有可能减少福岛事故造成的次级健康影响。然而，在社会科学的优势被认为是创造新的挑战，因为伦理，法律的，和社会影响（ELSI）是新认识到的困难，在当地的公共卫生活动有关辐射风险的沟通，只有有限数量的文章集中在这些关系和辐射风险的沟通在社会科学。应加强合作解决问题的战略，以处理当地社区的困难问题，因为ELSI都是在地方公共卫生活动的辐射风险沟通。因此，在社会科学中的合作解决问题的策略是一个具有挑战性的研究课题。结论：成功的风险沟通实践有助于当地社区，并得到当地社区的支持。通过采用由许多地方问题专家，包括地方风险宣传员组成的小组指导的战略办法，在地方社区可以观察到这些活动。既定的风险沟通准则是有帮助的，特别是在科学和技术的环境、社会和经济影响评价方面。
Introduction: The Fukushima nuclear disaster has brought numerous difficulties to the Japanese society, such as mental health issues, and secondary health issues during the recovery phase of the nuclear disaster. To promote a balanced public health policy, sound risk communication strategies are required. Methods: Risk communication guidelines and public health activities regarding radiation risk communication after the Fukushima nuclear disaster were reviewed within the scientific literature by using the PubMed electronic database for medical journals to clarify the current perception of the risk communication issues. Results: There was a consistent recognition of the applicability and importance of risk communication within the Fukushima accident, as was evident in each guideline and journal article which included both the MeSH Major Topics "radiation" and "communication" with the term ” Fukushima ” [All Fields]. Basic concepts of each Japanese risk communication guideline are consistent with guidelines issued by other international organizations. Discussion: These risk communication principles indicated in the guidelines were useful for establishing good practices in local communities to empower residents and strengthen community function, potentially reducing the secondary health impacts induced by the Fukushima accident. However, the strengths within social sciences are thought to create new challenges because the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) are newly recognized difficulties within local public health activities regarding radiation risk communication, and there is only a limited number of articles focused on these relationships and radiation risk communication within the social sciences. The collaborative problem-solving strategy should be strengthened to deal with the difficult issues in local communities since ELSI are all within local public health activities regarding radiation risk communication. Therefore, a collaborative problem-solving strategy within social sciences is a challenge issue to study. Conclusions: Successful risk communication practices were helpful to the local community and supported by the local community. They were observable in local communities by employing the strategic approaches directed by a team organized with many experts in local issues, including local risk communicators. Established risk communication guidelines are helpful, especially regarding the ELSI of science and technology.