'Blue energy' from ion adsorption and electrode charging in sea and river water
'Blue energy' from ion adsorption and electrode charging in sea and river water
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DOI：
10.1080/00268976.2011.554334
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
van Roij, Rene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boon, Niels;van Roij, Rene
淡水和海水混合的地方（例如河口）会产生大量的熵。这种混合过程是可持续能源的潜在巨大来源，只要它得到正确利用，例如通过分别浸入盐水和淡水中的多孔电极的循环充电和放电过程[D.布罗吉奥利，物理学家。莱特牧师。 103, 058501 (2009)]。在这里，我们采用改进的泊松-玻尔兹曼自由能密度函数来计算带电电极上的离子吸附和解吸，从中推导出循环的电功。我们提出了两个给定盐浴的最佳（最有效）循环，涉及两个规范和两个大规范（放电）充电路径，类似于众所周知的卡诺循环，用于从涉及两个等温路径和两个绝热路径的两个热浴进行热到功转换。我们还建议对循环进行稍微修改，可应用于淡水流有限的情况。
A huge amount of entropy is produced at places where fresh water and seawater mix, for example at river mouths. This mixing process is a potentially enormous source of sustainable energy, provided it is harnessed properly, for instance by a cyclic charging and discharging process of porous electrodes immersed in salt and fresh water, respectively [D. Brogioli, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 058501 (2009)]. Here we employ a modified Poisson-Boltzmann free-energy density functional to calculate the ionic adsorption and desorption onto and from the charged electrodes, from which the electric work of a cycle is deduced. We propose optimal (most efficient) cycles for two given salt baths involving two canonical and two grand-canonical (dis)charging paths, in analogy to the well-known Carnot cycle for heat-to-work conversion from two heat baths involving two isothermal and two adiabatic paths. We also suggest a slightly modified cycle which can be applied in cases that the stream of fresh water is limited.