Visual search tasks: slowing of strategic and nonstrategic processes in the nonlexical domain.
Visual search tasks: slowing of strategic and nonstrategic processes in the nonlexical domain.
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视觉搜索任务：非词汇领域的战略和非战略过程减慢。
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/53b.3.p189
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fisher,DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorman,MF;Fisher,DL
一些研究者认为，年龄对非词汇任务中的过程减慢的影响大于词汇任务中的过程减慢，但在任务领域内，减慢是相同的。其他研究者认为，即使在非词汇任务中，也存在差异性减慢，因此年龄对（非词汇）协调任务中的处理速度的影响大于（非词汇）顺序任务。也许，更精细的是，在协调性非词汇任务中存在差异性的减慢。为此，一般和特定过程的协调非词汇任务放缓的潜在模型制定为老年人。视觉搜索任务，然后被用来测试这两种类型的模型。结果发现，一个潜在的模型的过程中，特定的放缓解释显着更多的变异性比一个潜在的模型一般放缓，这表明有一个差异放缓的协调任务之间的非词汇域的过程。研究还发现，受影响最大的协调过程是，决定终止搜索时，没有目标存在于显示器中，与其他研究一起表明，在非词汇域的协调和顺序任务之间的战略过程的放缓可能存在差异，但在非战略过程的放缓没有差异。
Some investigators have argued that aging affects the slowing of processes in nonlexical tasks more than it does the slowing of processes in lexical tasks, but that within task domains, the slowing is identical. Other investigators have argued that even within nonlexical tasks there is differential slowing such that aging affects processing speed more in (nonlexical) coordinative tasks than it does in (nonlexical) sequential tasks. Perhaps, more finely still, there is a differential slowing in coordinative nonlexical tasks. Toward this end, latent models of general and process-specific slowing in coordinative nonlexical tasks were formulated for older adults. A visual search task was then used to test the two types of models. It was found that a latent model of process-specific slowing explained significantly more of the variability than a latent model of general slowing, indicating that there is a differential slowing of processes among coordinative tasks within the nonlexical domain. It was also discovered that the coordinative process most greatly affected was that of deciding to terminate the search when no target was present in the display, indicating together with other studies a possible difference in the slowing of strategic processes among both coordinative and sequential tasks within the nonlexical domain, but no difference in the slowing of nonstrategic processes.