Democratic People's Republic of Korea-International Atomic Energy Agency: Agreement for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Democratic People's Republic of Korea-International Atomic Energy Agency: Agreement for the Application of Safeguards in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
复制标题
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国-国际原子能机构：《不扩散核武器条约适用保障监督协定》
DOI：
10.18356/049856b5-en
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Unoda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Unoda
联合国成立之时恰逢原子武器的出现，它从一开始就关注确保原子能完全用于和平用途以造福人类的问题。这一领域最早的努力的目标之一是防止核武器扩散。后来，在1950年代中期，以1955年和平利用原子能日内瓦会议和1957年国际原子能机构的成立为标志，和平利用原子能领域国际合作的发展使防止核武器横向扩散的问题变得紧迫，在联合国大会上提出了具体针对这一问题的建议和建议。1958年，爱尔兰提出了一项旨在遏制核武器扩散的决议草案，但没有要求进行表决。第二年，又在爱尔兰的倡议下，大会通过了第1380（XIV）号决议，其中阿利亚其他外，建议十国裁军委员会（ENDC和《防治荒漠化公约》的前身）应考虑如何避免拥有核武器的国家数目增加的危险，包括一项接受视察和管制的国际协定的可行性。1961年，大会再次根据爱尔兰的建议采取行动，通过了第1665（XVI）号决议，其中大会呼吁所有国家，特别是核武器国家，尽最大努力，确保缔结一项国际协定，一方面，核武器国家承诺不将对核武器的控制权交给无核武器国家，不向这些国家提供制造核武器所需的资料，另一方面，后者将承诺不制造或以其他方式取得对核武器的控制。
From its very beginning, the United Nations, whose foundation coincided with the emergence of atomic weapons, was concerned with the problem of ensuring that the power of the atom would be directed exclusively to peaceful uses for the welfare of mankind. The earliest efforts in this area had as one aim the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Later, in the mid-1950s, the development of international co-operation in the field of peaceful uses of atomic energy— marked by the Geneva Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in 1955, and the establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency in 1957—lent urgency to the problem of preventing the horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons, and preposals specifically addressed to that problem were put forward in the General Assembly of the United Nations. In 1958, Ireland introduced, but did not press to a vote, a draft resolution aimed at curbing the spread of nuclear weapons. The following year, again at the initiative of Ireland, the General Assembly adopted resolution 1380 (XIV), in which it suggested, inter alia, that the Ten-Nation Disarmament Committee (the predecessor of ENDC and the CCD) should consider means whereby the danger of an increase in the number of States possessing nuclear weapons could be averted, including the feasibility of an international agreement subject to inspection and control. In 1961, the General Assembly, acting once again on an Irish proposal, adopted resolution 1665 (XVI), by which it called upon all States, particularly the nuclear-weapon States, to use their best endeavours to secure the conclusion of an international agreement under which, on one hand, nuclearweapon States would undertake not to relinquish control of nuclear weapons to States that did not have them and not to transmit to such States the information needed for their manufacture and, on the other hand, the latter would commit themselves not to manufacture or otherwise acquire control of nuclear weapons.