What is a Humanized Mouse? Remaking the Species and Spaces of Translational Medicine
What is a Humanized Mouse? Remaking the Species and Spaces of Translational Medicine
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DOI：
10.1177/1357034x12446378
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Davies, Gail
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davies, Gail
本文探讨了一种新的生物医学研究有机体的发展，以及其重塑转化医学物种和空间的潜力。人源化小鼠是一种复杂的实验对象，其中通过遗传改变使小鼠免疫缺陷，移植人类干细胞，以期重建人类免疫系统，用于生物医学研究和药物测试。这些嵌合体生物还没有像其他人类-动物杂交形式一样获得社会科学家的评论。然而，它们正迅速被定位为免疫学研究和药物开发中转化医学的核心。这篇文章探讨了他们试图制定的物种和空间之间的复杂关系。人源化小鼠同时将这些动物形态推向与人类相似的亲密地理学和转化研究的广阔地理学。这些多重轨迹是通过人源化小鼠作为不确定的“认知事物”和广泛的“协作事物”的方式实现的，将小鼠遗传学与其他研究，特别是干细胞科学联系起来。在后基因组学的背景下，它们的不确定性对其合作价值至关重要;它们的广阔潜力既来自生物学的开放性，也来自特定的期望。然而，这些新的研究生物体既有积累能力，又有破坏能力，因为这些轨迹之间存在干扰模式，重塑了实验实践和临床环境之间的边界。
This article explores the development of a novel biomedical research organism, and its potential to remake the species and spaces of translational medicine. The humanized mouse is a complex experimental object in which mice, rendered immunodeficient through genetic alteration, are engrafted with human stem cells in the hope of reconstituting a human immune system for biomedical research and drug testing. These chimeric organisms have yet to garner the same commentary from social scientists as other human-animal hybrid forms. Yet, they are rapidly being positioned as central to translational medicine in immunological research and pharmaceutical development. This article explores the complex relations between species and spaces they seek to enact. Humanizing mice simultaneously moves these animal forms towards the intimate geographies of corporeal equivalence with humans and the expansive geographies of translational research. These multiple trajectories are achieved by the way humanized mice function as both uncertain 'epistemic things' and as expansive 'collaborative things', articulating mouse genetics with other research, notably stem cell science. In the context of post-genomics, their indeterminacy is critical to their collaborative value; their expansive potential follows as much from their biological openness as from specific expectations. Yet, these new research organisms have both accumulative and disruptive capacities, for there are patterns of interference between these trajectories, remaking boundaries between experimental practices and clinical contexts.