Combination of genetics and spatial modelling highlights the sensitivity of cod (Gadus morhua) population diversity in the North Sea to distributions of fishing
Combination of genetics and spatial modelling highlights the sensitivity of cod (Gadus morhua) population diversity in the North Sea to distributions of fishing
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DOI：
10.1093/icesjms/fst185
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Carvalho, Gary R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heath, Michael R.;Culling, Mark A.;Carvalho, Gary R.
保护动物种群的遗传多样性对于维持它们应对环境变化的能力很重要。然而，在许多被开发的种群中，遗传多样性的“种群间”部分(生物复杂性)受到威胁，特别是海洋鱼类，其捕捞管理区域可能大于遗传上不同的亚种群的空间范围。利用单核苷酸多态数据，划定了欧洲西北部水域大西洋鳕鱼(Gadus Morhua)三个种群单位的地理界限。其中两个种群共同生活在北海，拖网调查数据显示出不同的丰度趋势。我们开发了这些单元的空间模型来模拟收获空间格局下的种群动态。在模型中，在远洋幼体阶段，单位之间的竞争导致更广泛的(道格)单位对更局部化的北海北部(维京)单位的压制，以及在某些空间捕鱼模式下它的过早灭绝。对鳕鱼的渔业捕捞限制被设定为整个北海的规模，而不考虑这种亚种群的动态。我们的模型提供了一种量化区域渔业死亡率调整的方法，以在最大化可持续产量和保护脆弱种群之间取得平衡。
Conserving genetic diversity in animal populations is important for sustaining their ability to respond to environmental change. However, the "between-population" component of genetic diversity (biocomplexity) is threatened in many exploited populations, particularly marine fish, where harvest management regions may be larger than the spatial extent of genetically distinct subpopulations. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism data, we delineated the geographic limits of three population units of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in northwest European waters. Two of the populations cohabit the North Sea, and trawl survey data showed differing trends in their abundances. We developed a spatial model of these units to simulate population dynamics under spatial patterns of harvesting. Competition between units during the pelagic juvenile stages in the model led to suppression of the more localized northern North Sea (Viking) unit by the more widespread (Dogger) unit, and its premature extinction under some spatial patterns of fishing. Fishery catch limits for cod are set at the scale of the whole North Sea without regard to such subpopulation dynamics. Our model offers a method to quantify adjustments to regional fishing mortality rates to strike a balance between maximizing sustainable yield and conserving vulnerable populations.