protective factors literature review : early care and education programs and the prevention of child abuse and neglect
protective factors literature review : early care and education programs and the prevention of child abuse and neglect
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C. E N T E R F O R T H E S T U D Y O F S O C I A L P-C.-E-N-T-E-R-F-O-R-T-H-E-S-T-U-D-Y-O-F-S-O-C-I-A-L-2080915487
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C. E N T E R F O R T H E S T U D Y O F S O C I A L P-C.-E-N-T-E-R-F-O-R-T-H-E-S-T-U-D-Y-O-F-S-O-C-I-A-L-2080915487
当前虐待和忽视儿童的预防工作。然而，在这项研究之前，他们还没有被用来描述早期护理和教育计划做什么或如何区分-下图显示了示范计划使用的计划策略，以建立已知的保护因素，以减少儿童虐待和忽视。儿童早期教育计划如何帮助预防儿童虐待和忽视优秀的早期护理和教育计划使用共同的计划策略，以建立已知的保护因素，以减少儿童虐待和忽视。方案战略：·促进友谊和相互支持·加强育儿·应对家庭危机·将家庭与服务和机会联系起来·促进儿童的社会和情感发展·观察和应对虐待或忽视儿童的早期预警信号·重视和支持父母社会关系育儿知识和儿童发展需要时的具体支持儿童的社会和情感能力2001年秋天，社会政策研究中心（CSSP）开始了一项为期两年的研究，在美国各地的早期护理和教育计划，以确定他们是否可能是一个有效的途径，以防止虐待和忽视儿童。CSSP选择将重点放在早期护理和教育方案上，因为这些方案代表了接触最大数量的幼儿（幼儿园年龄以下的儿童）的系统方法。幼儿的照料者或教师与父母之间独特的密切关系，每天与父母一起观察和学习的机会，幼儿方案与年轻父母的其他资源之间的关系，以及父母作为“有权力的消费者“而不是作为服务的客户或接受者来到那里的事实，使这成为一个有希望的普遍战略。这项工作的另一个目标是制定一个可靠的框架，以防止虐待和忽视儿童，可以引导方案制定者，政策制定者和倡导者采取有效的预防战略，建立在与家庭的优势，而不是只关注风险和赤字的基础上。家庭不愿意参加将其确定为“处于危险之中“的方案，这是有据可查的，在旨在减少虐待和忽视的干预措施中构成了一个重大障碍。建立在促进恢复力基础上的循证模型将为预防提供一个新的角度，并朝着广泛理解各种计划和提供者可以做什么的方向发展。
current child abuse and neglect prevention efforts. Prior to this study, however, they have not been used to describe what early care and education programs do or how dif-The graph below shows the program strategies used by exemplary programs to build the protective factors known to reduce child abuse and neglect. how early childhood programs help prevent child abuse and neglect Excellent early care and education programs use common program strategies to build the protective factors known to reduce child abuse and neglect. Program strategies that: • Facilitate friendships and mutual support • Strengthen parenting • Respond to family crises • Link families to services and opportunities • Facilitate children's social and emotional development • Observe and respond to early warning signs of child abuse or neglect • Value and support parents Social connections Knowledge of parenting and child development Concrete support in times of need Social and emotional competence of children prevention of child abuse and neglect In the fall of 2001, the Center for the Study of Social Policy (CSSP) began a two-year study of early care and education programs throughout the United States to determine if they might be an effective avenue for preventing child abuse and neglect. CSSP chose to focus on early care and education programs because these programs represent a systematic way to reach the largest number of very young children (children younger than kindergarten age). The uniquely close relationship between the caregiver or teacher and parents of very young children, the daily opportunities for observation and learning with parents, the relationship between early childhood programs and other resources for young parents, and the fact that parents come there as " empowered consumers " rather than as clients or recipients of service, made this a promising universal strategy. A further goal of the work was to develop a credible framework for child abuse and neglect prevention that can lead program developers, policymakers, and advocates toward effective prevention strategies based on building strengths with families rather than focusing exclusively on risks and deficits. The reluctance of families to participate in programs that identify them as " at risk " is well-documented and amounts to a significant barrier in interventions designed to reduce abuse and neglect. An evidence-based model built on promoting resilience would provide a new angle on prevention and move toward a widespread understanding of what all kinds of programs and providers can do—and …